java web使用filter进行全站压缩的原理及实现

在进行java web开发的时候，经常会遇到开发的页面会非常的复杂，有时候访问复杂的页面会耗费较多的时间和大量的流量，网络访问效率也势必会降低，此时就需要考虑进行数据压缩。本文就是使用filter实现的对网站所有的页面进行压缩，能进行压缩的取决于浏览器支持对压缩数据的解析（设置消息头Content-Encoding为gzip即可）以及jsp实质就是一个Servlet.

1.相关依赖

<dependency>
  	<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
	<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>	
        <version>2.5</version>
	<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

2.包装类实现

//声明一个reponse的包装类
public class ResponseWrapper extends HttpServletResponseWrapper{
	
	private ByteArrayOutputStream srcByteOutputStream;
	
	private PrintWriter out;

	public ResponseWrapper(HttpServletResponse response) {
		super(response);
		//最好在实例化包装类的时候创建ByteArrayOutputStream，否者较易抛出空指针异常
		srcByteOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
	}

	//返回一个ServletOutputSteam的匿名对象.实现witer(int b)方法，将数据写到bytearrayoyutpoutstream.
	@Override
	public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
		ServletOutputStream out = new ServletOutputStream() {
			//所有的IO最终都是一个字节一个字节写出信息
			@Override
			public void write(int b) throws IOException {
				srcByteOutputStream.write(b);
			}
		};
		return out;
	}

	//修改增强getWtier方法
	@Override
	public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
		out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(srcByteOutputStream,"UTF-8"));
		return out;
	}
	
	//提供一个方法获取原生的数据
	public byte[] getSrcByte(){
		if(out!=null){
			out.close();
		}
		return srcByteOutputStream.toByteArray();
	}
}

3.过滤器

public class GzipFilter implements Filter{

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
		
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse) response;
		//1.声明包装类对象
		ResponseWrapper rw = new ResponseWrapper(resp);
		//2.放行，传递自己包装过的类
		chain.doFilter(request, rw);
		//3.从rw中读取原生的数据
		byte[] srcDatas = rw.getSrcByte();
		//4.开始压缩
		ByteArrayOutputStream destBytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		GZIPOutputStream zip = new GZIPOutputStream(destBytes);
		zip.write(srcDatas);
		zip.close();
		//5.获得压缩以后的数据
		byte[] destDatas = destBytes.toByteArray();
		System.out.println("压缩以前:"+srcDatas.length);
		System.out.println("压缩以后:"+destDatas.length);
		//6.设置头
		resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		resp.setContentLength(destDatas.length);
		resp.setHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip");
		//7.输出-使用原生的response
		OutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
		out.write(destDatas);
	}

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		
	}
	
}

4.配置web.xml

<filter>
	<filter-name>gzipFilter</filter-name>
	<filter-class>cn.edu.hbut.zw.filter.GzipFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
	
<filter-mapping>
	<filter-name>gzipFilter</filter-name>
	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>