SpringMVC同时支持多视图 JSP Velocity Freemarker等 的一种思路实现

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第一种方式：

在基于SpringMVC的项目中有时需要同时使用多种视图格式，如jsp,velocity及freemarker等，通过不同的请求路径配置规则，映射到不同的视图文件。下面我提供一种思路，通过视图模板文件后缀名的方式来进行处理。例如：

@RequestMapping(value = "/hello") 
public String jspTest(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap map) { 
    return "demo.jsp"; 
} 
将通过”demo.jsp”的后缀自动使用jsp的视图解析器。

 

下面描述下详细思路：

 

一.自定义视图解析器

package com.jeedev.common.web.springmvc.view;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Locale;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Set;import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;/** * 自定义视图解析(通过配置实现多视图整合,如jsp,velocity,freemarker,pdf,excel...) * @author huligong * */public class JeeDevViewResolver implements ViewResolver  {        private static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(JeeDevViewResolver.class);    public View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception {       for(Map.Entry<Set<String>, ViewResolver> map : viewResolverMap.entrySet()){           Set<String> suffixs = map.getKey();           for(String suffix : suffixs){               if (viewName.endsWith(suffix)){                   ViewResolver viewResolver = map.getValue();                   if(null != viewResolver){                       if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {                            logger.debug("found viewResolver '" + viewResolver + "' for viewName '" + viewName+ "'");                        }                       return viewResolver.resolveViewName(viewName, locale);                   }               }           }       }              if(defaultViewResolver != null){           return defaultViewResolver.resolveViewName(viewName, locale);       }       // to allow for ViewResolver chaining       return null;    }            private Map<Set<String>,ViewResolver> viewResolverMap = new HashMap<Set<String>,ViewResolver>();        private ViewResolver defaultViewResolver = null;    public Map<Set<String>, ViewResolver> getViewResolverMap() {        return viewResolverMap;    }    public void setViewResolverMap(Map<Set<String>, ViewResolver> viewResolverMap) {        this.viewResolverMap = viewResolverMap;    }    public ViewResolver getDefaultViewResolver() {        return defaultViewResolver;    }    public void setDefaultViewResolver(ViewResolver defaultViewResolver) {        this.defaultViewResolver = defaultViewResolver;    }}

在自定义视图解析器(其实是视图中转器)中，通过对视图文件的后缀判断(而不是请求地址的后缀)而返回给不同的视图解析器处理。

 

二.视图映射配置dispather-servlet.xml

 

<bean id="viewResolver" class="com.jeedev.common.web.springmvc.view.JeeDevViewResolver">        <property name="defaultViewResolver" ref="beanNameViewResolver"/>        <property name="viewResolverMap">            <map>                <entry>                    <key>                        <set>                            <value>.jsp</value>                        </set>                    </key>                    <ref bean="jspViewResolver"/>                </entry>                <entry>                    <key>                        <set>                            <value>.vm</value>                            <value>.htm</value>                        </set>                    </key>                    <ref bean="velocityViewResolver"/>                </entry>                <entry>                    <key><value>.ftl</value></key>                    <ref bean="freeMarkerViewResolver"/>                </entry>            </map>        </property>    </bean>        <bean id="beanNameViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver"/>        <bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>        <!--<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>-->    </bean>        <!--  Velocity ViewResolver Configuration -->    <bean id="velocityViewResolver" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityViewResolver">         <property name="order" value="0" />         <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />         <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="req"/>    </bean>    <!-- Velocity Configuration -->         <bean id="velocityConfig" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityConfigurer">         <property name="configLocation" value="/WEB-INF/velocity.properties"/>         <property name="resourceLoaderPath" value="/" />    </bean>        <!--  FreeMarker ViewResolver Configuration -->    <bean id="freeMarkerViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">          <property name="order" value="0" />        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView"/>      </bean>             <!-- FreeMarker Configuration -->         <bean id="freemarkerConfig"  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">         <property name="configLocation" value="/WEB-INF/freemarker.properties"/>        <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/ftl/"/>           <property name="freemarkerVariables">             <map>                <entry key="xml_escape" value-ref="fmXmlEscape"/>            </map>         </property>    </bean>           <bean id="fmXmlEscape" class="freemarker.template.utility.XmlEscape"/>

这里我配置成所有返回.jsp的视图模板请求都转到JSP视图解析器jspViewResolver中去处理，返回.htm,.vm视图模板请求都转到velocity视图解析器中去处理。

 

三.控制器代码示例

 

package com.jeedev.demo.view;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;/** * 多视图解析器支持示例 * @author huligong * */@Controller@RequestMapping(value = "/demo")public class JeeDevViewResolverTestController {    private static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(JeeDevViewResolverTestController.class);        @RequestMapping(value = "/test1")    public String test1(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap map) {        logger.info("使用JSP视图解析器");        map.put("name", "hello world");        return "jspTest.jsp";    }        @RequestMapping(value = "/test2")    public String test2(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap map) {        logger.info("使用Freemarker视图解析器");        map.put("name", "hello world");        return "hello.ftl";    }        @RequestMapping(value = "/test3")    public String test3(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap map) {        logger.info("使用Velocity视图解析器");        map.put("name", "hello world");        return "/html/demo.htm";    }}

 

四.测试请求

我在web.xml里给DispatcherServlet添加了/view/*，所以，只要在请求前加上/view就可以了。

http://localhost:8080/view/demo/test1

http://localhost:8080/view/demo/test2

http://localhost:8080/view/demo/test3

皆验证通过。

第二种方式

说明一下目录结构
 
Spring配置文件

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< beans  xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation ="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" >
     < context:component-scan
         base-package ="com.spring.action"   />
     <!--   
        org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ResourceBundleViewResolver
        用于多个视图集成时,ResourceBundleViewResolver是通过解析资源文件来解析请求输出文件的。
        <property name="basename" value="views"></property>,即表示在/WEB-INF/classes路径下有一个
        views.properties文件,本例中views.properties的内容为
        welcome.(class)=org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityView
        welcome.url=welcome.vm
        freemarker.(class)=org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView
        freemarker.url=freemarker.ftl
     -->
     < bean  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ResourceBundleViewResolver" >
         < property  name ="basename"  value ="views" ></ property >
         <!--  
            <property name="order" value="0"></property>
         -->
     </ bean >
    
     <!--  jsp视图解析器  -->
     < bean  id ="jspViewResolver"  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >
         < property  name ="viewClass"  value ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
         < property  name ="prefix"  value ="/" />
         < property  name ="suffix"  value =".jsp" />
     </ bean >         
    
     <!--  velocity视图解析器  -->
     < bean  id ="velocityViewResolver"  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityViewResolver" >
         < property  name ="cache"  value ="true" />
         < property  name ="prefix"  value ="/" />
         < property  name ="suffix"  value =".vm" />
     </ bean >
    
     <!--  velocity环境配置  -->
     < bean  id ="velocityConfig"  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityConfigurer" >
         <!--  velocity配置文件路径  -->
         < property  name ="configLocation"  value ="/WEB-INF/velocity.properties" />
         <!--  velocity模板路径  -->
         < property  name ="resourceLoaderPath"  value ="/WEB-INF/velocity/" />
     </ bean >
    
     <!--  FreeMarker环境配置  -->
     < bean  id ="freemarkerConfig"  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer" >
         <!--  freemarker模板位置  -->
         < property  name ="templateLoaderPath"  value ="/WEB-INF/freemarker/" />
     </ bean >
    
     <!--  FreeMarker视图解析  -->
     < bean  id ="freeMarkerViewResolver"  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver" >
         < property  name ="cache"  value ="true" />
         < property  name ="prefix"  value ="/" />
         < property  name ="suffix"  value =".ftl" />
     </ bean >
</ beans >

views.properties

#welcome为modelAndView.setViewName( " welcome " ) ; 中的welcome   .(class)固定写法
welcome.(class) = org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityView
#welcome.url 路径 welcome.vm模板名称
welcome.url = welcome.vm

#freemarker为modelAndView.setViewName( " freemarker " ) ; 中的freemarker   .(class)固定写法
freemarker.(class) = org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView
#freemarker.url 路径 freemarker.ftl模板名称
freemarker.url = freemarker.ftl

第三种方式：自适应匹配，不存在则找下一种，使用orders

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="test.**.controller"  use-default-filters="false">  <context:include-filter type="annotation"   expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**" /> <mvc:annotation-driven>  <!-- <mvc:argument-resolvers> <bean class="org.springframework.data.web.PagedResourcesAssemblerArgumentResolver"    /> </mvc:argument-resolvers> -->  <mvc:message-converters>   <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">    <property name="supportedMediaTypes">     <list>      <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>      <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>     </list>    </property>   </bean>   <bean    class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">    <property name="supportedMediaTypes">     <list>      <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>      <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>     </list>    </property>   </bean>  </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> <bean id="multipartResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" /> <!-- FreeMarker视图解析 如返回student。。在这里配置后缀名ftl和视图解析器。。--> <bean id="freemarkerConfig"  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">  <property name="templateLoaderPath">              <value>/WEB-INF/ftl/</value>          </property>    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />  <property name="freemarkerVariables">   <map>    <entry key="xml_escape" value-ref="fmXmlEscape" />   </map>  </property>  <property name="freemarkerSettings">   <props>    <!--<prop key="template_update_delay">3600</prop> -->    <prop key="tag_syntax">auto_detect</prop>    <!-- 设置标签类型 两种：[] 和 <> 。[] 这种标记解析要快些 -->    <prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop>    <prop key="output_encoding">UTF-8</prop>    <prop key="locale">zh_CN</prop>    <prop key="date_format">yyyy-MM-dd</prop>    <prop key="time_format">HH:mm:ss</prop>    <prop key="datetime_format">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>    <prop key="number_format">#.##</prop>    <!-- 设置数字格式 以免出现 000.00 -->    <prop key="classic_compatible">true</prop>    <!-- 可以满足一般需要。默认情况变量为null则替换为空字符串，如果需要自定义，写上${empty!"EmptyValue of fbysss"}的形式即可 -->    <prop key="template_exception_handler">html_debug</prop>    <!-- ignore,debug,html_debug,rethrow -->   </props>  </property> </bean> <bean id="fmXmlEscape" class="freemarker.template.utility.XmlEscape" />  <bean id="viewResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">  <property name="viewClass"   value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView"></property>  <property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />  <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=utf-8" />  <property name="exposeRequestAttributes" value="true" />  <property name="exposeSessionAttributes" value="true" />  <property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true" />  <property name="order" value="0" /> </bean>  <!-- -->   <!-- Velocity  --> <bean id="velocityConfig"  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityConfigurer">  <property name="configLocation" value="/WEB-INF/classes/velocity.properties" />  <property name="resourceLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/vm/" /> </bean>  <bean id="velocityViewResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityViewResolver">  <property name="order" value="1" />  <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />  <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="req" />        <property name="suffix" value=".vm"/> </bean> <!-- -->   <bean id="beanNameViewResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver">  <property name="order" value="6"/> </bean>  <bean id="JSPviewResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  <property name="viewClass"   value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />  <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />  <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />  <property name="order" value="10"/> </bean>  <!-- <bean id="viewResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">  <property name="defaultContentType" value="application/json" />  <property name="mediaTypes">   <map>    <entry key="html" value="text/html" />    <entry key="json" value="application/json" />    <entry key="xml" value="application/xml" />    <entry key="excel" value="application/excel" />    <entry key="pdf" value="application/pdf" />   </map>  </property>  <property name="viewResolvers">   <list>    <bean     class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">     <property name="viewClass"      value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView"></property>     <property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />     <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=utf-8" />     <property name="exposeRequestAttributes" value="true" />     <property name="exposeSessionAttributes" value="true" />     <property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true" />    </bean>    <bean     class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">     <property name="viewClass"      value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />     <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />     <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />    </bean>       </list>   </property>  <property name="defaultViews">   <list>    <bean     class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJackson2JsonView">     <property name="prettyPrint" value="true" />     <property name="contentType" value="text/plain" />    </bean>   </list>  </property> </bean> --> <!--定义异常处理页面 --> <bean id="exceptionResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">  <property name="exceptionMappings">   <props>    <prop key="java.lang.Exception">outException</prop>   </props>  </property> </bean> </beans>

           

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