Thymeleaf的使用指南

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-14 17:17:25 发布

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文章标签： Thymeleaf springboot

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/hgh3863399/article/details/88619780

版权

本文是关于在SpringBoot环境下使用Thymeleaf的详细指南，内容包括Thymeleaf的自动配置、命名空间导入、语法规则解释以及实例应用，如th:文本替换、条件判断和循环等。

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Thymeleaf

该文章基于springboot环境

使用

springboot进行了自动配置,在其Autoconfiguration中,有下面代码:

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf")
public class ThymeleafProperties {

	private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

	private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");

	public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";

	public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
  	//

注明默认是将静态页面放在类路径下的/templates/中,thymeleaf就能自动渲染.

导入命名空间

使用前需要先导入命名空间

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

语法规则

th:任意html原生属性替换原生属性的值
- th:text 改变标签的text文本内容
- th:text 不转义特殊字符
- th:insert
- th:each
- th:if
- th:object
- th:attr

表达式:

Simple expressions:（表达式语法）
    Variable Expressions: ${...}：获取变量值；OGNL；
    		1）、获取对象的属性、调用方法
    		2）、使用内置的基本对象：
    			#ctx : the context object.当前上下文
    			#vars: the context variables.
                 #locale : the context locale. 地区信息
                 #request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object. 
                 #response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
                 #session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
                 #servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
            3）、内置的一些工具对象：使用#调用内置对象
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).








    Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}：选择表达式：和${}在功能上是一样；
    	补充：配合 th:object="${session.user}：如果上文已经获取了user,下面可以使用*{}来获取其中的值
               <div th:object="${session.user}">
                <p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
                <p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
                <p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
                </div>
    
    
    
    
    Message Expressions: #{...}：获取国际化内容
    
    
    
    
    Link URL Expressions: @{...}：定义URL；
    避免像原生HTML的URL传参时需要拼串
    		@{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
    		
    		
    		
    		
    Fragment Expressions: ~{...}：片段引用表达式
    		<div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>
    		有点像JSP的include
    		
Literals（字面量）
      Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
      Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
      Boolean literals: true , false
      Null literal: null
      Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
      
      
      
      
Text operations:（文本操作）
    String concatenation: +
    Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
    
    
    
Arithmetic operations:（数学运算）
    Binary operators: + , - , * , / , %
    Minus sign (unary operator): -
    
    
    
Boolean operations:（布尔运算）
    Binary operators: and , or
    Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
Comparisons and equality:（比较运算）
    Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
    Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
Conditional operators:条件运算（三元运算符）
    If-then: (if) ? (then)
    If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
    Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
Special tokens:
    No-Operation: _

举例

首先,写一个controller

package com.gdou.springboot.controller;


import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import java.sql.Array;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        return "Hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/success")
    public String success(Map<String,Object> map){
            map.put("hello","<h1>hello</h1>");
            map.put("users", Arrays.asList("zhansan","lisi","wangwu"));
            return "success";
    }

}

然后,在默认的目录下面新建一个success.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>success</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>成功</h1>
        <!--th:text设置文本内容-->
        <div th:text="${hello}">
            这是一段会被引擎覆盖的数据
        </div>
<hr/>
<div th:utext="${hello}">
</div>
<table>
    <tr th:each="user:${users}">
        <td th:text="${user}"></td>
    </tr>
</table>
<hr/>
<h4 th:each="user:${users}">
    [[${user}]]
</h4>
</body>
</html>