学习D语言之helloworld

去[url]http://www.digitalmars.com/d/download.html[/url]下载dmd.zip(D compiler) for Win32 and Linux和dmc.zip (linker and utilities) for Win32
同一目录下解压dmd.zip和dmc.zip，将dmd\bin和dm\bin加入到path中
看看dmd\samples\d下的例子，如hello.d:
[code]
int main(char[][] args)
{
printf("hello world\n");
printf("args.length = %d\n", args.length);
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++)
printf("args[%d] = '%s'\n", i, cast(char *)args[i]);
return 0;
}
[/code]
运行dmd hello.d则生成可执行文件hello.exe
输出中文则需要setlocale一下:
[code]
import std.stdio;

private import std.c.stdio;
extern(C) int setlocale(int, char*);
static this() {
fwide(stdout, 1);
setlocale(0, "china");
}

int main()
{
writef("你好, D!");
return 0;
}
[/code]

看看[url]http://www.digitalmars.com/d/comparison.html[/url]中D的特性表:
D Language Feature Comparison Table
Feature D
Garbage Collection Yes
<b>Functions</b>
Function delegates Yes
Function overloading Yes
Out function parameters Yes
Nested functions Yes
Function literals Yes
Dynamic closures Yes
Typesafe variadic arguments Yes
Lazy function argument evaluation Yes
<b>Arrays</b>
Lightweight arrays Yes
Resizeable arrays Yes
Built-in strings Yes
Array slicing Yes
Array bounds checking Yes
Array literals Yes
Associative arrays Yes
Strong typedefs Yes
String switches Yes
Aliases Yes
<b>OOP</b>
Object Oriented Yes
Multiple Inheritance No
Interfaces Yes
Operator overloading Yes
Modules Yes
Dynamic class loading No
Nested classes Yes
Inner (adaptor) classes Yes
Covariant return types Yes
Properties Yes
<b>Performance</b>
Inline assembler Yes
Direct access to hardware Yes
Lightweight objects Yes
Explicit memory allocation control Yes
Independent of VM Yes
Direct native code gen Yes
<b>Generic Programming</b>
Class Templates Yes
Function Templates Yes
Implicit Function Template Instantiation Yes
Partial and Explicit Specialization Yes
Value Template Parameters Yes
Template Template Parameters Yes
Variadic Template Parameters Yes
Mixins Yes
static if Yes
is expressions Yes
typeof Yes
foreach Yes
Implicit Type Inference Yes
<b>Reliability</b>
Contract Programming Yes
Unit testing Yes
Static construction order Yes
Guaranteed initialization Yes
RAII (automatic destructors) Yes
Exception handling Yes
Scope guards Yes
try-catch-finally blocks Yes
Thread synchronization primitives Yes
<b>Compatibility</b>
C-style syntax Yes
Enumerated types Yes
Support all C types Yes
80 bit floating point Yes
Complex and Imaginary Yes
Direct access to C Yes
Use existing debuggers Yes
Struct member alignment control Yes
Generates standard object files Yes
Macro text preprocessor No
<b>Other</b>
Conditional compilation Yes
Unicode source text Yes
Documentation comments Yes
以及D与C/C++/C#/Java的对比:
特性 D C C++ C# Java
垃圾收集 Yes No No Yes Yes
<b>函数</b>
函数委托 Yes No No Yes No
函数重载 Yes No Yes Yes Yes
传出（out）函数参数 Yes Yes Yes Yes No
嵌套函数 Yes No No No No
函数文字量 Yes No No No No
动态闭包 Yes No No No No
<b>数组</b>
轻量数组 Yes Yes Yes No No
变长数组 Yes No No No No
位数组 Yes No No No No
内建字符串 Yes No No Yes Yes
数组切片 Yes No No No No
数组边界检查 Yes No No Yes Yes
关联数组 Yes No No No No
强类型定义typedef Yes No No No No
字符串switch语句 Yes No No Yes No
别名 Yes Yes Yes No No
<b>OOP</b>
面向对象 Yes No Yes Yes Yes
多重继承 No No Yes No No
接口 Yes No Yes Yes Yes
运算符重载 Yes No Yes Yes No
模块 Yes No Yes Yes Yes
动态类装入 No No No Yes Yes
嵌套类 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
内部（适配器）类 No No No No Yes
协变返回型别 Yes No Yes No No
属性 Yes No No Yes No
<b>性能</b>
内联汇编 Yes Yes Yes No No
直接访问硬件 Yes Yes Yes No No
轻量对象 Yes Yes Yes Yes No
显示内存分配控制 Yes Yes Yes No No
独立于虚拟机 Yes Yes Yes No No
直接生成本地代码 Yes Yes Yes No No
<b>泛型编程</b>
模板 Yes No Yes No No
混入 Yes No No No No
typeof Yes No No Yes No
foreach Yes No No Yes No
约束 Yes No No No No
<b>可靠性</b>
契约式编程 Yes No No No No
单元测试 Yes No No No No
静态构造顺序 Yes No No Yes Yes
确保初始化 Yes No No Yes Yes
RAII（自动析构函数） Yes No Yes Yes No
异常处理 Yes No Yes Yes Yes
try-catch-finally基本块 Yes No No Yes Yes
线程同步原语 Yes No No Yes Yes
<b>兼容性</b>
C风格语法 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
枚举型别 Yes Yes Yes Yes No
支持所有C型别 Yes Yes No No No
80位浮点数 Yes Yes Yes No No
负数和虚数 Yes Yes No No No
直接访问C Yes Yes Yes No No
使用现有的调试器 Yes Yes Yes No No
结构成员对齐控制 Yes No No No No
生成标准目标文件 Yes Yes Yes No No
宏文本预处理器 No Yes Yes No No
<b>其他</b>
条件编译 Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Unicode源代码 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

D的GC机制使得C/C++的内存分配和指针问题烟消云散一去不返
算是C/C++的一个提升和进步的产物