hibernate3数据库插入操作的一个小例子
hibernate 是一个orm框架,
o体现在object,既model类,r体现在relationship 既关系,
hibernate是一个object和relationship之间转化的桥梁
今天用mysql数据库做了一个hibernate插入数据库的操作
在mysql中新建表 people
create table people(id int primary key,age int,name varchar(50));
新建 hibernate的配置文件,默认放在classpath底下,文件名为:hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings数据库设置 -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password"></property>
<!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) 连接池设置-->
<property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>
<!-- SQL dialect sql方言 orm中关系数据库的类型-->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
<!--<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> -->
<!-- Disable the second-level cache 禁用二级缓存-->
<!--<property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property>-->
<!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout 打印sql语句-->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
<!-- <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> -->
<!-- hibernate 映射文件 -->
<mapping resource="com/jack/hibernate/People.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
新建一个model类,People
package com.jack.hibernate;
public class People {
private int id;
private int age;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
配置model和数据库表之间的的映射关系,既People.hbm.xml。这个文件可以告诉hibernate对象(o)和数据库表(table)之间的对应关系
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.jack.hibernate">
<class name="People" table="People">
<id name="id" column="id"></id>
<property name="age" column="age"></property>
<property name="name" column="name"></property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
测试类: 向mysql中的People表新加一条记录
package com.jack.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.jack.hibernate.People;
public class TestHibernate {
public static void main(String[] args) {
People p1 = new People();
p1.setId(1);
p1.setAge(123);
p1.setName("jack");
Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
SessionFactory sf = cfg.configure().buildSessionFactory();
Session session = sf.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.save(p1);
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
sf.close();
}
}
程序执行流程:
hibernate读取配置文件,
通过读取数据库配置信息确定连接的数据库
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password"></property>
通过读取方言配置信息。确定生成sql语句的语法类型
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
通过读取mapping hibernate映射文件信息,找到对应的映射文件
<mapping resource="com/jack/hibernate/People.hbm.xml"/>
解析映射文件后,hibernate可以确定对象中的属性(即orm中的o)和数据库字段(即orm中的r)之间的对应关系
<hibernate-mapping package="com.jack.hibernate">
<class name="People" table="People">
<id name="id" column="id"></id>
<property name="age" column="age"></property>
<property name="name" column="name"></property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
执行session.save(p1);时,hibernate自动根据设置的方言类型。自动生成sql语句并自动执行插入操作
insert into People (age, name, id) values (?, ?, ?)