求解：《C#高级编程》第11章“反射”问题！谢谢大虾啦……

代码出自《C#高级编程》第11章“反射”，问题在文中红色注释部分。

 

//===========================

WhatsNewAttribute.cs :

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace hillspring.WhatsNewAttributes
{
    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class|AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple=true, Inherited=false)]
    public class LastModifiedAttribute:Attribute
    {
        private DateTime dateModified;
        private string changes;
        private string issues;

        public LastModifiedAttribute(string dateModified, string changes)
        {
            this.dateModified = DateTime.Parse(dateModified);
            this.changes = changes;
        }

        public DateTime DateModified
        {
            get
            {
                return dateModified;
            }
        }

        public string Changes
        {
            get
            {
                return changes;
            }
        }

        public string Issues
        {
            get
            {
                return issues;
            }
            set
            {
                issues = value;
            }
        }
    }

    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Assembly)]
    public class SupportsWhatsNewAttribute : Attribute
    {
        public void print() { }
    }

}

//======================

VectorClass.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using hillspring.WhatsNewAttributes;
using System.Collections;
[assembly: SupportsWhatsNewAttribute]

namespace hills.VectorClass
{
    [LastModifiedAttribute("24 Nov 2006", "IEnumerable interface implemented" ,Issues="So Vector can now be treated as a collection")]
    [LastModifiedAttribute("24 Nov 2006", "IFormattable interface implemented", Issues = "So Vector responds to format specifies N and VE")]
    class Vector:IFormattable, IEnumerable
    {
        public double x, y, z;

        public Vector(double x, double y, double z)
        {
            this.x = x;
            this.y = y;
            this.z = z;
        }

        [LastModifiedAttribute("24 Nov 2006", "Method added in order to provider formatting support")]
        public string ToString(string format, IFormatProvider formatProvider)
        {
            return null;
        }

        public IEnumerator GetEnumerator()
        {
            return null;
        }

        public SupportsWhatsNewAttribute testtest
        {
            get
            {
                SupportsWhatsNewAttribute sss = new SupportsWhatsNewAttribute();
                return sss; }
            }       

        }

   }

 

//==========================

WhatsNewAttributes.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using hillspring.VectorClass;
using hillspring.WhatsNewAttributes;
using System.Reflection;

namespace hillspring.LookUpWhatsNew
{
    class LookUpWhatsNew
    {
        static StringBuilder outputText = new StringBuilder(1000);
        static DateTime backDateTo = new DateTime(2006, 1, 1);

        static void Main()
        {
          
            Assembly theAssembly = Assembly.Load("VectorClass");
            
            Attribute supportsAttribute = (SupportsWhatsNewAttribute)Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(theAssembly, typeof(hillspring.WhatsNewAttributes.SupportsWhatsNewAttribute));
            //为什么supportsAttribute为null ？

           
            string name = theAssembly.FullName;

            AddToMessage("Assembly: " + name);

            if (supportsAttribute == null)
            {
                AddToMessage("This assembly does not support WhatsNew Attribute");
                return;
            }
            else
            {
                AddToMessage("Defined Types: ");
            }     

/*

MemberInfo mInfo = typeof(Vector);
            SupportsWhatsNewAttribute supportsAttribute1 = (SupportsWhatsNewAttribute)Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(mInfo, typeof(SupportsWhatsNewAttribute));  

//类型转换之后，supportsAttribute1为什么仍旧是null ？

            LastModifiedAttribute[] lastModifiedAttribute1 = (LastModifiedAttribute[])Attribute.GetCustomAttributes(mInfo, typeof(LastModifiedAttribute));
            Console.WriteLine(lastModifiedAttribute1[0].Changes);

//lastModifiedAttribute1 类型转换正常！为什么此处正常，而其他地方的转换不正常呢？

*/

       
                       
            Type[] types = theAssembly.GetTypes();
            foreach (Type definedType in types)
            {
                DisplayTypeInfo(theAssembly, definedType);
            }

            MessageBox.Show(outputText.ToString(), "What/'s New since " + backDateTo.ToLongDateString());

            Console.ReadLine();

        }

 

        static void DisplayTypeInfo(Assembly theAssembly, Type type)
        {
            if(!(type.IsClass))
                return;

            AddToMessage("/n class: "+type.Name);

            Attribute[] attributes = Attribute.GetCustomAttributes(type);

            //LastModifiedAttribute[] attributes = (LastModifiedAttribute[])Attribute.GetCustomAttributes(type);

//为什么无法强制类型转换?编译不出现错误，运行阶段报错。

            if (attributes.Length == 0)
                AddToMessage("No changes to this class/n");
            else
            {
                foreach (Attribute attribute in attributes)
                {
                   
                    //Console.WriteLine(((LastModifiedAttribute)attribute).Changes);
                    //WriteAttributeInfo((LastModifiedAttribute)attribute);//为什么无法强制类型转换?编译不出现错误，

//运行阶段报错。
                    WriteAttributeInfo(attribute);
                }
            }

            MethodInfo[] methods = type.GetMethods();
            AddToMessage("changes to methods of this class");
            foreach(MethodInfo nextMethod in methods)
            {
                object[] attribs2 = nextMethod.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(LastModifiedAttribute),false);

                if (attributes != null)
                {
                    AddToMessage(nextMethod.ReflectedType+"    "+nextMethod.Name+"()");

                    foreach(Attribute nextAttrib in attribs2)
                    {
                        WriteAttributeInfo((LastModifiedAttribute)nextAttrib);
                    }
                }

            }

        }

        static void WriteAttributeInfo(Attribute attrib)
        {
            LastModifiedAttribute lastModifiedAttribute = attrib as LastModifiedAttribute;

           //为什么转换出的lastModifiedAttribute=null?

            //LastModifiedAttribute lastModifiedAttribute1 = (LastModifiedAttribute)attrib;//无法强制类型转换；
            if (lastModifiedAttribute == null)
                return;

           

            DateTime modifiedDate = lastModifiedAttribute.DateModified;
            if (modifiedDate < backDateTo)
                return;

            AddToMessage(" Modified: "+modifiedDate.ToLongDateString()+":");
            AddToMessage("   " + lastModifiedAttribute.Changes);
            if (lastModifiedAttribute.Issues != null)
            {
                AddToMessage("  Outstanding issues:"+lastModifiedAttribute.Issues);
            }

        }

        static void AddToMessage(string Msg)
        {
            outputText.Append("/n"+Msg);
        }
    }
}