Docker

1. docker命令

   docker images // 查看镜像
   docker ps // 查看运行的容器  docker ps -a （查看所有的容器）
   docker run -it centos /bin/bash // 启动容器
   docker stop containerId // 停止容器
   docker rm containerId  // 删除容器
   docker rmi imageId // 删除镜像
   docker pull imagename // 拉取镜像 (如：docker pull nginx)
   docker start containerId // 启动已经停止的容器
   docker restart containerId // 重启容器
   docker run -itd --name centos-test centos /bin/bash // 后台运行容器 （centos-test：自定义容器名称，centos：镜像名称）
   docker logs -f containerId // 查看日志
   docker top container // 查看进程
   docker search httpd // 查找镜像 （httpd：httpd镜像）
   

   如果在本机运行一个不存在的镜像时，docker会自动下载这个镜像

2. 自定义docker镜像
   （1）下载nginx image

   docker pull nginx
   

   (2) 编写Dockerfile文件

    FROM nginx:latest
   
    作者
    MAINTAINER changhj <648859757@qq.com>
    
    删nginx除默认配置
    RUN rm /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    
    添加自己的nginx配置
    ADD nginx.conf /etc/nginx
    
    把打包好的文件或文件夹复制到nginx/html
    COPY dist /usr/share/nginx/html/
   

   Dockerfile中所涉及到的文件路径必须在当前目录（nginx.conf、dist）

   nginx.conf

   #user  nobody;                     
   worker_processes  1;               
                                      
   #error_log  logs/error.log;        
   #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
   #error_log  logs/error.log  info;  
                                      
   #pid        logs/nginx.pid;        
                                      
                                      
   events {                           
       worker_connections  1024;      
   }   
   
   http {
       include       mime.types;
       default_type  application/octet-stream;
   
       #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
       #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
       #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
   
       #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
   
       sendfile        on;
       #tcp_nopush     on;
   
       #keepalive_timeout  0;
       keepalive_timeout  65;
   
       #gzip  on;  
       server {
           listen       80;
           server_name  localhost;
   
           #charset koi8-r;
   
           #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
   
           location / {
               root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
               index  index.html index.html;
           }
   
           #error_page  404              /404.html;
   
           # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
           #
           error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
           location = /50x.html {
               root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
           }
   
           # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
           #
           #location ~ \.php$ {
           #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
           #}
   
           # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
           #
           #location ~ \.php$ {
           #    root           html;
           #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
           #    fastcgi_index  index.php; 
           #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
   		#    include        fastcgi_params;                               
   		#}                                                                
                                                                     
   		# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root       
   		# concurs with nginx's one                                        
   		#                                                                 
   		#location ~ /\.ht {                                               
   		#    deny  all;                                                   
   		#}                                                                
      }  
   
   	# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
       #
       server {
           listen       8080;
           server_name  localhost;
   
           location / {
               root   /usr/share/nginx/html/newfile;
               index  index.html index.htm;
           }
   
           location ^~ /test/ {
                   proxy_pass http://172.21.35.23:3000;
                   proxy_send_timeout     1800;
                   proxy_read_timeout     1800;
                   proxy_connect_timeout  1800;
                   client_max_body_size   2048m;
                   proxy_http_version     1.1;
                   proxy_set_header       Host $host;
                   proxy_set_header       accept-encodeing 'gzip, deflate';
                   proxy_set_header       content-type 'application/json';
                   proxy_set_header       authorization $http_authorization;
                   proxy_set_header       accept '*/*';
                   proxy_set_header       x-bce-date $http_x_bce_date;
                   proxy_set_header       Upgrade $http_upgrade;
                   proxy_set_header       Connection "Upgrade";
                   proxy_set_header       X-Real-IP $remote_addr; # pass on real client's IP
                   proxy_set_header       X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                   proxy_set_header       X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
           }
       }    
       # HTTPS server
       #
       #server {
       #    listen       443 ssl;
       #    server_name  localhost;
   
       #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
       #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
   
       #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
       #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
   
       #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
       #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
   
       #    location / {
       #        root   html;
       #        index  index.html index.htm;
       #    }
       #}                                                     
   }                     
   

   （3）Docker打包

   docker build -t imagename . // imagename: 自定义镜像名称
   

3. 运行

   docker run -d --name test -p 8081:80 imagename // test: 自定义容器名称，-p 8081:80 映射容器80端口到主机8081
   

4. 查看运行结果

   docker ps
   

5. docker 容器开机启动

   （1）容器已经启动

   docker update --restart=always containerId
   

   （2）启动容器时

   docker run -d --restart=always imagename