【前端Js】原型继承的几种方式

原型继承
父级：

 function Parent(name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    Parent.prototype.sayHello=function(){
        console.log("Hello,"+this.name);
    }

  
原型链继承

function Kid(){};
Kid.prototype=new Parent("who");

var k=new Kid();
console.log(k.name); //who
console.log(k.sayHello()); //Hello,who

弊端：创建实例时无法向父级传参

构造继承

function Kid(name){
    Parent.call(this,name);
};

var k=new Kid("who");
console.log(k.name); //who
console.log(k.sayHello()); //error

弊端：无法获取父级原型链属性


实例继承

function Kid(name){
    var p=new Parent(name);
    return p;
};

var k=new Kid("who");
console.log(k.name); //who
console.log(k.sayHello()); //Hello,who

弊端：实例是父级的实例


拷贝继承

function Kid(name){
    var p=new Parent(name);
    for(var item in p){
        Kid.prototype[item]=p[item];
    }
}
var k=new Kid("who");
console.log(k.name); //who
console.log(k.sayHello()); //Hello,who

弊端：太占用内存

组合继承

function Kid(name){
    Parent.call(this,name);
}
Kid.prototype=new Parent();
var k=new Kid("who");
console.log(k.name); //who
console.log(k.sayHello()); //Hello,who

弊端：调用了两次父类构造函数

寄生组合继承

function Kid(name){
    Parent.call(this,name);
}
(function(){
    var p=function(){};
    p.prototype=Parent.prototype;
    Kid.prototype=new p();
})()

弊端：写法比较繁琐