【SpringMVC】集成Swagger显示页面自动接口文档

一、简介

Swagger 是一个规范和完整的框架，用于生成、描述、调用和可视化 RESTful 风格的 Web 服务。总体目标是使客户端和文件系统作为服务器以同样的速度来更新 。接口的方法，参数和模型紧密集成到服务器端的代码，允许API来始终保持同步。Swagger 让部署管理和使用功能强大的API从未如此简单。

我们的RESTful API就有可能要面对多个开发人员或多个开发团队：IOS开发、Android开发、Web开发等。为了减少与其他团队平时开发期间的频繁沟通成本，传统做法我们会创建一份RESTful API文档来记录所有接口细节，然而这样的做法有以下几个问题：

1. 由于接口众多，并且细节复杂（需要考虑不同的HTTP请求类型、HTTP头部信息、HTTP请求内容等），高质量地创建这份文档本身就是件非常吃力的事，下游的抱怨声不绝于耳；

2. 随着时间推移，不断修改接口实现的时候都必须同步修改接口文档，而文档与代码又处于两个不同的媒介，除非有严格的管理机制，不然很容易导致不一致现象；

而swagger完美的解决了上面的几个问题，并与Spring MVC程序配合组织出强大RESTful API文档。它既可以减少我们创建文档的工作量，同时说明内容又整合入实现代码中，让维护文档和修改代码整合为一体，可以让我们在修改代码逻辑的同时方便的修改文档说明。另外Swagger2也提供了强大的页面测试功能 来调试每个RESTful API。

二、添加Swagger2依赖

 <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
     <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
     <version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
     <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
     <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
     <version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>  
     <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  
     <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>  
     <version>2.6.5</version>  
</dependency>  
<dependency>  
     <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  
     <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>  
     <version>2.6.5</version>  
</dependency>  
<dependency>  
     <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  
     <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>  
     <version>2.6.5</version>  
</dependency>

三、创建Swagger2配置类

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;


@Configuration        //让Spring来加载该类配置
@EnableWebMvc        //启用Mvc，非springboot框架需要引入注解@EnableWebMvc
@EnableSwagger2        //启用Swagger2
public class Swagger2Config {
    @Bean
    public Docket createRestApi() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo()).select()
                //扫描指定包中的swagger注解
                //.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.xia.controller"))
                //扫描所有有注解的api，用这种方式更灵活
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.withMethodAnnotation(ApiOperation.class))
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build();
    }

    private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("基础平台 RESTful APIs")
                .description("基础平台 RESTful 风格的接口文档，内容详细，极大的减少了前后端的沟通成本，同时确保代码与文档保持高度一致，极大的减少维护文档的时间。")
                .termsOfServiceUrl("http://xiachengwei5.coding.me")
                .contact("Xia")
                .version("1.0.0")
                .build();
    }
}

四、编写swagger注解

实体类：

import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
/**
 * 人员信息表
 * 注解：@ApiModel 和 @ApiModelProperty 用于在通过对象接收参数时在API文档中显示字段的说明
 * 注解：@DateTimeFormat 和 @JsonFormat 用于在接收和返回日期格式时将其格式化
 * 实体类对应的数据表为：  user_info
 * @author XiaChengwei 
 * @date:  2017-07-14 16:45:29
 */
@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
@JsonIgnoreProperties({ "handler","hibernateLazyInitializer" }) 
@ApiModel(value ="UserInfo")
public class UserInfo {
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "ID")
    private Integer id;

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户登录账号", required = true)
    private String userNo;

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "姓名", required = true)
    private String userName;
    
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "姓名拼音")
    private String spellName;

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "密码", required = true)
    private String password;

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "手机号", required = true)
    private String userPhone;

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "性别")
    private Integer userGender;

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "记录创建时间")
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    private Date createTime;

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "记录修改时间")
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    private Date updateTime;
    
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getUserNo() {
        return userNo;
    }

    public void setUserNo(String userNo) {
        this.userNo = userNo == null ? null : userNo.trim();
    }
    
    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName == null ? null : userName.trim();
    }
    
    public String getSpellName() {
        return spellName;
    }

    public void setSpellName(String spellName) {
        this.spellName = spellName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password == null ? null : password.trim();
    }
   
    public String getUserPhone() {
        return userPhone;
    }

    public void setUserPhone(String userPhone) {
        this.userPhone = userPhone == null ? null : userPhone.trim();
    }
    
    public Integer getUserGender() {
        return userGender;
    }

    public void setUserGender(Integer userGender) {
        this.userGender = userGender;
    }
  
    @JsonFormat(locale = "zh", timezone = "GMT+8", pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    public Date getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    @JsonFormat(locale = "zh", timezone = "GMT+8", pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    public Date getUpdateTime() {
        return updateTime;
    }

    public void setUpdateTime(Date updateTime) {
        this.updateTime = updateTime;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append(getClass().getSimpleName());
        sb.append(" [");
        sb.append("Hash = ").append(hashCode());
        sb.append(", id=").append(id);
        sb.append(", userNo=").append(userNo);
        sb.append(", userName=").append(userName);
        sb.append(", spellName=").append(spellName);
        sb.append(", password=").append(password);
        sb.append(", userPhone=").append(userPhone);
        sb.append(", userGender=").append(userGender);
        sb.append(", createTime=").append(createTime);
        sb.append(", updateTime=").append(updateTime);
        sb.append("]");
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

控制类：

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/restTest")
@Api(value = "测试信息", description = "测试信息")
public class TestRestCtrl {

	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping(value = "/test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ApiOperation(value = "测试接口①")
	@ApiImplicitParams({
		@ApiImplicitParam(name = "start",value = "开始数", required = true, paramType = "query"),
		@ApiImplicitParam(name = "limit",value = "每页展示的记录数", required = true, paramType = "query")
	})
    public Map<String,Object> test(int start,int limit) {
		Map<String,Object> res=new HashMap<String,Object>();
		res.put("code", 1);
		res.put("resMsg","succed");
        return res;
    }
	
	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping(value = "/test2", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ApiOperation(value = "测试接口②")
    public Map<String,Object> test2() {
		Map<String,Object> res=new HashMap<String,Object>();
		res.put("code", 2);
		res.put("resMsg","succed");
        return res;
    }
}

五、访问

配置完成之后重启服务器，访问地址 http://localhost:8080/项目名/swagger-ui.html，如：

http://localhost:8080/spring-mvc/swagger-ui.html

访问之后的效果图如下：