av_new_stream

 AVStream *av_new_stream(AVFormatContext *s, int id)

{
    AVStream *st;
    int i;

    if (s->nb_streams >= MAX_STREAMS)
        return NULL;

   分配AVStream结构：

    st = av_mallocz(sizeof(AVStream));

    if (!st)
        return NULL;

 分配AVStream对应的codec结构（AVCodecContext）

    st->codec= avcodec_alloc_context();
    if (s->iformat) {
        /* no default bitrate if decoding */
        st->codec->bit_rate = 0;
    }

AVStream对应的索引
    st->index = s->nb_streams;
    st->id = id;
    st->start_time = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
    st->duration = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
        /* we set the current DTS to 0 so that formats without any timestamps
           but durations get some timestamps, formats with some unknown
           timestamps have their first few packets buffered and the
           timestamps corrected before they are returned to the user */
    st->cur_dts = 0;
    st->first_dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;

    
    /* default pts setting is MPEG-like */
    av_set_pts_info(st, 33, 1, 90000);
    st->last_IP_pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
    for(i=0; i<MAX_REORDER_DELAY+1; i++)
        st->pts_buffer[i]= AV_NOPTS_VALUE;

    st->sample_aspect_ratio = (AVRational){0,1};

将AVStream的地址存储在AVFormatContext的stream数组中,这个streams数组是应用获取媒体信息的访问点。

    s->streams[s->nb_streams++] = st;
    return st;
}