Nginx和PHP配置备忘

文章转自 http://hjue.me/post/php-fpm-nginx

使用PHP5.5.x

使用PHP5.5.x可大幅度提高Webserver负载能力，详细看这里

Nginx配置

Nginx worker_processes

max_clients = worker_processes * worker_connections

worker_processes  1;
worker_connections  1024;

worker_processes的数值一般设置为内核数

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor
processor       : 0
processor       : 1
processor       : 2
processor       : 3
processor       : 4
processor       : 5
processor       : 6
processor       : 7

根据查到的内核数，这里我们配置worker_processes为8
worker_processes 8;

隐藏 Nginx Server Tokens

server_tokens在Nginx配置文件的http/server/location部分设置。

server_tokens off;

Nginx Request / Upload Max Body Size (client_max_body_size)

client_max_body_size的默认值是1m，如果你的网站需要上传大于1m的文件，设置client_max_body_size为你需要的值。否则，在你上传超过client_max_body_size的文件时，Nginx会返回给你413错误，告诉你“Request Entity Too Large” 。
client_max_body_size在Nginx配置文件的http/server/location部分设置。

client_max_body_size 20m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;

缓存静态文件

location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|css|js|ico|xml)$ {
    access_log        off;
    log_not_found     off;
    expires           360d;
}

启用gzip

gzip_proxied any;

gzip_types 
    text/css
    text/plain
    text/javascript
    application/javascript
    application/json
    application/x-javascript
    application/xml
    application/xml+rss
    application/xhtml+xml
    application/x-font-ttf
    application/x-font-opentype
    application/vnd.ms-fontobject
    image/svg+xml
    image/x-icon
    application/rss+xml
    application/atom_xml;

gzip_comp_level 9;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_min_length 50;

把PHP请求交给PHP-FPM

location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$uri?$args;
}

location ~* \.php {
    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/?.*)$;
    fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;        
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
}

禁止访问隐藏文件

location ~ /\. {
    access_log off;
    log_not_found off; 
    deny all;
}

配置PHP-FPM

PHP-FPM 基本配置

emergency_restart_threshold 10
emergency_restart_interval 1m
process_control_timeout 10s

配置PHP-FPM Pool 进程

pm.max_children是PHP-FPM Pool 最大的子进程数,他数值取决于你的服务器内存。
假设你打算给1G内存给当前配置的PHP-FPM Pool，一般一个PHP请求占用内存10M-40M，我们按站点每个PHP请求占用内存25M，这样max_children = 1G/25M = 40.96。

这样，我设置pm.max_children为40. max_requests是每个子进程重生之前处理的请求数， 默认值为unlimited，设置为2000主要是为了避免内存泄露带来的问题

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 40
pm.start_servers = 15
pm.min_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_spare_servers = 20
pm.max_requests = 2000

PHP-FPM Pools Configuration

建议不同站点使用不同的PHP-FPM Pool,绑定在不同的端口。这样一个站点出问题，不至于影响其他的站点。同时，如果php-fpm进程占用CPU过高，也可以很快定位有问题的站点。

下边配置了两个PHP-FPM Pool，绑定了9000和9001两个http端口

/etc/php-fpm.d/site.conf

[site]
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = site
group = site
request_slowlog_timeout = 5s
slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/slowlog-site.log
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 3
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 4
pm.max_requests = 200
listen.backlog = -1
pm.status_path = /status
request_terminate_timeout = 120s
rlimit_files = 131072
rlimit_core = unlimited
catch_workers_output = yes
env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp

/etc/php-fpm.d/blog.conf

[blog]
listen = 127.0.0.1:9001
user = blog
group = blog
request_slowlog_timeout = 5s
slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/slowlog-blog.log
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 4
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
pm.max_requests = 200
listen.backlog = -1
pm.status_path = /status
request_terminate_timeout = 120s
rlimit_files = 131072
rlimit_core = unlimited
catch_workers_output = yes
env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp

这段代码放在 /etc/php-fpm.conf 中，加载多个php-fpm pool

include=/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf

开启PHP-FPM状态信息页

php-fpm.conf配置文件要启用以下选项：

pm.status_path = /status

在Nginx配置的server部分增加以下配置：

location ~ ^/(status)$ {
     access_log off;
     include fastcgi_params;
     fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
     fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
}

访问http://localhost/status 查看php-fpm状态