VB.NET & 策略模式（下机用户类型选择）

上篇文章讲述了对于下机操作和基本数据设定的时间联系，今天主要就是应用“策略模式”来了解了解对于固定用户，以及临时用户之间的选择，看学习设计模式的时候自己对于策略模式的理解，我们可以把固定用户和临时用户封装起来，这样系统就可以按照用户的类型来进行选择了。当然前提首先要抽象一个类，来封装这两个用户类型。

看类图：

代码具体化：

首先看抽象类：BL_CashSuper,定义两种支持算法的公共接口

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1. ''' <summary> 
2. ''' 抽象类，定义所有支持算法的公共接口 
3. ''' </summary> 
4. ''' <remarks></remarks> 
5. Public MustInherit Class BL_CashSuper 
6.     '根据上机时间，卡的类型，计算出消费金额（抽象方法） 
7.     Public MustOverride Function GetconsumeMondey(ByVal time As Integer) As Single 
8. End Class 

''' <summary>
''' 抽象类，定义所有支持算法的公共接口
''' </summary>
''' <remarks></remarks>
Public MustInherit Class BL_CashSuper
    '根据上机时间，卡的类型，计算出消费金额（抽象方法）
    Public MustOverride Function GetconsumeMondey(ByVal time As Integer) As Single
End Class

再看两个具体的算法类：BL_CashTmp,BL_CashVIP

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1. Imports Entity.RechargeEntity 
2. Public Class BL_CashTmp : Inherits BL_CashSuper 
3.     Dim QueryBasicdata As New BasicDataBLL   '实例化类BasicdataBLL 
4.     Dim EnBasicdata As New Entity.BasicDataEntity    '定义基础数据实体 
5.     Dim BasicdataList As IList(Of Entity.BasicDataEntity)   '定义实体的泛型集合 
6.     Dim TmpHourCash As Single   '定义一个变量-存放临时用户每小时费用 
7.  
8.     Public Overrides Function GetconsumeMondey(time As Integer) As Single 
9.         '赋值给实体泛型集合 
10.         BasicdataList = QueryBasicdata.ReadBasic(EnBasicdata) 
11.  
12.         TmpHourCash = BasicdataList(0).TmpRate     '给变量赋值，临时用户每小时费用 
13.  
14.         Dim Consumecash As Single    '定义变量存放消费金额 
15.         Consumecash = CSng(time) * CSng(TmpHourCash / 60)    '计算消费金额（CSng把表达式转化成Single类型） 
16.         Return Consumecash 
17.     End Function 

Imports Entity.RechargeEntity
Public Class BL_CashTmp : Inherits BL_CashSuper
    Dim QueryBasicdata As New BasicDataBLL   '实例化类BasicdataBLL
    Dim EnBasicdata As New Entity.BasicDataEntity    '定义基础数据实体
    Dim BasicdataList As IList(Of Entity.BasicDataEntity)   '定义实体的泛型集合
    Dim TmpHourCash As Single   '定义一个变量-存放临时用户每小时费用

    Public Overrides Function GetconsumeMondey(time As Integer) As Single
        '赋值给实体泛型集合
        BasicdataList = QueryBasicdata.ReadBasic(EnBasicdata)

        TmpHourCash = BasicdataList(0).TmpRate     '给变量赋值，临时用户每小时费用

        Dim Consumecash As Single    '定义变量存放消费金额
        Consumecash = CSng(time) * CSng(TmpHourCash / 60)    '计算消费金额（CSng把表达式转化成Single类型）
        Return Consumecash
    End Function

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1. Imports Entity.RechargeEntity 
2. ''' <summary> 
3. ''' 具体策略类，计算会员用户消费金额，封装的具体的算法或行为，继承于类BL_CashSuper 
4. ''' </summary> 
5. ''' <remarks></remarks> 
6. Public Class BL_CashVIP : Inherits BL_CashSuper 
7.     Dim QueryBasicdata As New BasicDataBLL   '实例化类BasicdataBLL 
8.     Dim EnBasicdata As New Entity.BasicDataEntity    '定义基础数据实体 
9.     Dim BasicdataList As IList(Of Entity.BasicDataEntity)   '定义实体的泛型集合 
10.     Dim VIPHourCash As Single   '定义一个变量-存放固定用户半小时费用 
11.  
12.     Public Overrides Function GetconsumeMondey(time As Integer) As Single 
13.         '赋值给实体泛型集合 
14.         BasicdataList = QueryBasicdata.ReadBasic(EnBasicdata) 
15.  
16.         VIPHourCash = BasicdataList(0).Rate    '给变量赋值，固定用户半小时费用 
17.  
18.         Dim Consumecash As Single    '定义变量存放消费金额 
19.         Consumecash = CSng(time) * CSng(VIPHourCash / 30)    '计算消费金额（CSng把表达式转化成Single类型） 
20.         Return Consumecash 
21.     End Function 

Imports Entity.RechargeEntity
''' <summary>
''' 具体策略类，计算会员用户消费金额，封装的具体的算法或行为，继承于类BL_CashSuper
''' </summary>
''' <remarks></remarks>
Public Class BL_CashVIP : Inherits BL_CashSuper
    Dim QueryBasicdata As New BasicDataBLL   '实例化类BasicdataBLL
    Dim EnBasicdata As New Entity.BasicDataEntity    '定义基础数据实体
    Dim BasicdataList As IList(Of Entity.BasicDataEntity)   '定义实体的泛型集合
    Dim VIPHourCash As Single   '定义一个变量-存放固定用户半小时费用

    Public Overrides Function GetconsumeMondey(time As Integer) As Single
        '赋值给实体泛型集合
        BasicdataList = QueryBasicdata.ReadBasic(EnBasicdata)

        VIPHourCash = BasicdataList(0).Rate    '给变量赋值，固定用户半小时费用

        Dim Consumecash As Single    '定义变量存放消费金额
        Consumecash = CSng(time) * CSng(VIPHourCash / 30)    '计算消费金额（CSng把表达式转化成Single类型）
        Return Consumecash
    End Function

最后我们需要建立一个接口，来将用户的类型传入进来，进行判断：

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1. Imports BLL 
2. Imports System.Reflection 
3. ''' <summary> 
4. ''' 应用简单工厂，通过传入的卡的类型，来具体选择应用那个算法，加一个反射，这样才能完美的实现开发封闭的原则，当我再需要增加一个算法的时候，我只需要在另外增加一个B层就好，而无需修改任何地方 
5. ''' </summary> 
6. ''' <remarks></remarks> 
7. Public Class BL_CashContext 
8.     Private cashsuper As BL_CashSuper    '定义抽象类 
9.  
10.     Public Sub New(ByVal CardType As String) 
11.  
12.         '应用反射技术根据卡号类型自动选择应该实例化的类  ，优化简单工厂 
13.         Dim strInstance As String = "BLL.BL_Cash" + CardType   'BL_Cash+(Tmp Or VIP) 
14.         cashsuper = CType(Assembly.Load("BLL").CreateInstance(strInstance), BL_CashSuper) 
15.     End Sub 
16.     Public Function GetResult(ByVal time As Integer) As Single 
17.         '调用相关的消费处理类计算收费方法 
18.         Dim times As Single 
19.         '具体计算 
20.         times = cashsuper.GetconsumeMondey(time) 
21.         Return times 
22.     End Function 

Imports BLL
Imports System.Reflection
''' <summary>
''' 应用简单工厂，通过传入的卡的类型，来具体选择应用那个算法，加一个反射，这样才能完美的实现开发封闭的原则，当我再需要增加一个算法的时候，我只需要在另外增加一个B层就好，而无需修改任何地方
''' </summary>
''' <remarks></remarks>
Public Class BL_CashContext
    Private cashsuper As BL_CashSuper    '定义抽象类

    Public Sub New(ByVal CardType As String)

        '应用反射技术根据卡号类型自动选择应该实例化的类  ，优化简单工厂
        Dim strInstance As String = "BLL.BL_Cash" + CardType   'BL_Cash+(Tmp Or VIP)
        cashsuper = CType(Assembly.Load("BLL").CreateInstance(strInstance), BL_CashSuper)
    End Sub
    Public Function GetResult(ByVal time As Integer) As Single
        '调用相关的消费处理类计算收费方法
        Dim times As Single
        '具体计算
        times = cashsuper.GetconsumeMondey(time)
        Return times
    End Function

来看看U层是如何实现调用的：

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1. Select Case cardList(0).cardtype 
2.             Case "固定用户" 
3.                 CardType = "VIP" 
4.             Case "临时用户" 
5.                 CardType = "Tmp" 
6.             Case Else 
7.                 CardType = "" 
8.         End Select 
9.         '实例化类BL_CashContext,传入用户类型 
10.         Dim cashcontext As New BL_CashContext(CardType) 
11.         '调用策略模式计算出余额并赋值给consumecash 
12.         Dim consumecash As Single = cashcontext.GetResult(enline.consumeTime) 
13.         '定义变量newbalance，用于存放最新的余额 
14.         Dim newbalance As Single = CSng(QCardL(0).balance.ToString) - CSng(consumecash) 

Select Case cardList(0).cardtype
            Case "固定用户"
                CardType = "VIP"
            Case "临时用户"
                CardType = "Tmp"
            Case Else
                CardType = ""
        End Select
        '实例化类BL_CashContext,传入用户类型
        Dim cashcontext As New BL_CashContext(CardType)
        '调用策略模式计算出余额并赋值给consumecash
        Dim consumecash As Single = cashcontext.GetResult(enline.consumeTime)
        '定义变量newbalance，用于存放最新的余额
        Dim newbalance As Single = CSng(QCardL(0).balance.ToString) - CSng(consumecash)

     这样使用策略模式则很好的就自动调用了其需求的卡类型，真的是很人性化啊!！而且还方便后期的维护。回归到自己刚开始的出门旅行的例子，其实都是一个道理，建立一个抽象类，封装算法，让其自动调用就好。既简单化同时还降低了使用者与其各种算法的联系！何乐而不为呢？