系统性能信息模块 psutil：
参考：https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil
安装psutil模块：
1[ root@ kurol ~ ]# python36 - m easy_install - i http: // pypi. douban. com / simple / psutil
1、获取系统性能信息：
1.1、获取CPU信息：
1
import
psutil
获取CPU完整信息:
1
2
>>>
psutil.
cpu_times
(
)
scputimes
(
user
=
60984.989999999998,
nice
=
27.280000000000001,
system
=
37572.639999999999,
idle
=
6605536.1100000003,
iowait
=
88463.169999999998,
irq
=
0.53000000000000003,
softirq
=
151.34
,
steal
=
0.0,
guest
=
0.0
)
获取单项数据信息（用户user的CPU时间比）:
1
2
>>>
psutil.
cpu_times
(
).
user
60985.209999999999
获取CPU的逻辑个数，默认logical=True:
1
2
>>>
psutil.
cpu_count
(
)
1
获取CPU的物理个数:
1
2
>>>
psutil.
cpu_count
(
logical
=
False
)
1
1.2、获取内存信息：
1
In
[
1
]:
import
psutil
获取内存完整信息：
1
2
3
In
[
2
]:
mem
=
psutil.
virtual_memory
(
)
In
[
3
]:
mem
Out
[
3
]:
svmem
(
total
=
1044832256,
available
=
357302272,
percent
=
65.8,
used
=
554692608,
free
=
69898240,
active
=
732987392,
inactive
=
152940544,
buffers
=
121593856,
cached
=
298647552,
shared
=
278528
)
获取内存总数:
1
2
In
[
4
]:
mem.
total
Out
[
4
]:
1044832256
获取空闲内存数:
1
2
In
[
5
]:
mem.
free
Out
[
5
]:
69898240
获取SWAP分区信息:
1
2
In
[
6
]:
psutil.
swap_memory
(
)
Out
[
6
]:
sswap
(
total
=
0,
used
=
0,
free
=
0,
percent
=
0,
sin
=
0,
sout
=
0
)
1.3、获取磁盘信息：
获取磁盘完整信息：
1
2
In
[
7
]:
psutil.
disk_partitions
(
)
Out
[
7
]:
[
sdiskpart
(
device
=
'/dev/vda1',
mountpoint
=
'/',
fstype
=
'ext3',
opts
=
'rw,noatime,acl,user_xattr'
)]
获取分区（参数）的使用方法
1
2
In
[
8
]:
psutil.
disk_usage
(
'/'
)
Out
[
8
]:
sdiskusage
(
total
=
21136797696,
used
=
3255058432,
free
=
16808058880,
percent
=
16.2
)
获取硬盘总的IO个数、读写信息
1
2
In
[
9
]:
psutil.
disk_io_counters
(
)
Out
[
9
]:
sdiskio
(
read_count
=
3147178,
write_count
=
9242170,
read_bytes
=
88165640192,
write_bytes
=
293065478144,
read_time
=
38673564,
write_time
=
428113153,
read_merged_count
=
41555
,
write_merged_count
=
62306169,
busy_time
=
66422434
)
获取单个分区IO的个数、读写信息
1
2
In
[
10
]:
psutil.
disk_io_counters
(
perdisk
=
True
)
Out
[
10
]:
{
'vda1':
sdiskio
(
read_count
=
3147178,
write_count
=
9242205,
read_bytes
=
88165640192,
write_bytes
=
293065760768,
read_time
=
38673564,
write_time
=
428113482,
read_merged_count
=
41555,
write_merged_count
=
62306203,
busy_time
=
66422585
)}
1.4、获取网络信息：
获取网络总的IO信息，默认pernic=False：
1
2
In
[
11
]:
psutil.
net_io_counters
(
)
Out
[
11
]:
snetio
(
bytes_sent
=
7783736637,
bytes_recv
=
3332052537,
packets_sent
=
17192882,
packets_recv
=
26834127,
errin
=
0,
errout
=
0,
dropin
=
0,
dropout
=
0
)
获取pernic=True输出每个网络接口的IO信息：
1
2
In
[
12
]:
psutil.
net_io_counters
(
pernic
=
False
)
Out
[
12
]:
snetio
(
bytes_sent
=
7783790463,
bytes_recv
=
3332100618,
packets_sent
=
17193280,
packets_recv
=
26834627,
errin
=
0,
errout
=
0,
dropin
=
0,
dropout
=
0
)
1.5、获取其他系统信息：
获取当前登录系统的用户：
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
In
[
13
]:
psutil.
users
(
)
Out
[
13
]:
[
suser
(
name
=
'root',
terminal
=
'tty1',
host
=
'',
started
=
1492050176.0
),
suser
(
name
=
'root',
terminal
=
'pts/3',
host
=
'127.0.0.1',
started
=
1496363136.0
),
suser
(
name
=
'root',
terminal
=
'pts/5',
host
=
'127.0.0.1',
started
=
1496386560.0
),
suser
(
name
=
'root',
terminal
=
'pts/6',
host
=
'183.19.153.161',
started
=
1496634240.0
),
suser
(
name
=
'root',
terminal
=
'pts/7',
host
=
'183.19.153.161',
started
=
1496645632.0
)]
获取开机时间，以Linux时间戳格式返回：
1
2
3
In
[
14
]:
import
psutil,
datetime
In
[
15
]:
psutil.
boot_time
(
)
Out
[
15
]:
1489823731.0
获取开机时间，转换成自然时间格式返回：
1
2
In
[
19
]:
datetime.
datetime.
fromtimestamp
(
psutil.
boot_time
(
)).
strftime
(
"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
)
Out
[
19
]:
'2017-03-18 15:55:31'
2、系统进程管理方法：
psutil模块在获取进程信息方面也停工了很好的支持。
2.1、获取进程信息：
列出所有进程PID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
In
[
10
]:
psutil.
pids
(
)
Out
[
10
]:
[
1,
2,
......
32381,
32407
]
实例化一个Process对象，参数为一进程PID
1
In
[
11
]:
p
=
psutil.
Process
(
8843
)
获取进程名：
1
2
In
[
12
]:
p.
name
(
)
Out
[
12
]:
'httpd'
获取bin路径：
1
2
In
[
13
]:
p.
exe
(
)
Out
[
13
]:
'/usr/sbin/httpd'
获取进程工作路径绝对路径：
1
2
In
[
14
]:
p.
cwd
(
)
Out
[
14
]:
'/'
获取进程状态:
1
2
In
[
15
]:
p.
status
(
)
Out
[
15
]:
'sleeping'
获取进程创建时间，时间戳格式:
1
2
In
[
16
]:
p.
create_time
(
)
Out
[
16
]:
1492649546.17
获取uid信息:
1
2
In
[
17
]:
p.
uids
(
)
Out
[
17
]:
puids
(
real
=
0,
effective
=
0,
saved
=
0
)
获取gid信息：
1
2
In
[
18
]:
p.
gids
(
)
Out
[
18
]:
pgids
(
real
=
0,
effective
=
0,
saved
=
0
)
获取获取进程CPU亲和度，如要设置进程CPU亲和度，将CPU号作为参数即可
1
2
In
[
19
]:
p.
cpu_affinity
(
)
Out
[
19
]:
[
0
]
获取CPU时间信息，包括user、system两个CPU时间
1
2
In
[
20
]:
p.
cpu_times
(
)
Out
[
20
]:
pcputimes
(
user
=
34.49,
system
=
83.82,
children_user
=
14932.68,
children_system
=
1664.72
)
获取内存利用率
1
2
In
[
21
]:
p.
memory_percent
(
)
Out
[
21
]:
1.3066181601499103
获取进程内存rss、vms信息
1
2
In
[
22
]:
p.
memory_info
(
)
Out
[
22
]:
pmem
(
rss
=
13651968,
vms
=
309997568,
shared
=
7004160,
text
=
344064,
lib
=
0,
data
=
5300224,
dirty
=
0
)
获取IO信息，包括读写IO数及字节数
1
2
In
[
23
]:
p.
io_counters
(
)
Out
[
23
]:
pio
(
read_count
=
829019264,
write_count
=
1492003,
read_bytes
=
2957004800,
write_bytes
=
4966547456,
read_chars
=
6639699389927,
write_chars
=
6973819808
)
获取打开进程socket的namedutples列表，包括fs、family、laddr等信息
1
2
In
[
24
]:
p.
connections
(
)
Out
[
24
]:
[
pconn
(
fd
=
3,
family
=<
AddressFamily.
AF_INET:
2
>,
type
=<
SocketKind.
SOCK_STREAM:
1
>,
laddr
=
(
'0.0.0.0',
80
),
raddr
=
(
),
status
=
'LISTEN'
)]
获取进程开启的线程数
1
2
In
[
26
]:
p.
num_threads
(
)
Out
[
26
]:
1
2.2、popen类的使用
psutil提供的popen类的作用：获取用户启动的应用程序进程信息，以便跟踪程序进程的运行状态。
1
2
In
[
1
]:
import
psutil
In
[
2
]:
from
subprocess
import
PIPE
通过psutil的Popen方法启动的应用程序，可以跟踪该程序运行的所有相关信息。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
In
[
3
]:
p
=
psutil.
Popen
([
"/usr/bin/python3",
"-c",
"print('hello')"
],
stdout
=
PIPE
)
In
[
4
]:
p.
name
(
)
Out
[
4
]:
'python3'
In
[
5
]:
p.
username
(
)
Out
[
5
]:
'root'
In
[
6
]:
p.
communicate
(
)
Out
[
6
]:
(
b
'hello
\n
',
None
)
In
[
7
]:
p.
cpu_time
(
)
#得到进程运行的CPU时间
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