python XML解析

python有3种方法解析XML：SAX,DOM以及ElemenTree

DOM解析：

from xml.dom.minidom import parse



doc=parse("book.xml")                   #先把xml文件加载进来
root=doc.documentElement                #获取元素的根节点
books=root.getElementsByTagName('book') #找到子节点，得到的是一个数组

for book in books:                       #把所有的子节点进行遍历
    print("===book====")
    if book.hasAttribute('id'):             #如果有ID属性，则输出
        print('ID：%s'% book.getAttribute('id'))

    bookname=book.getElementsByTagName("bookname")[0]  #根据标签名找到，并且输出第一个元素
    print("BOOKNAME：%s"%bookname.childNodes[0].data)      #输出标签名的子节点的第一个值，并转为data类型
    author=book.getElementsByTagName("author")[0]
    print("AUTHOR：%s"%author.childNodes[0].data)
    price=book.getElementsByTagName("price")[0]
    print("PRICE：%s"%price.childNodes[0].data)

SAX解析：

from xml.sax import parse
from xml.sax import ContentHandler

class Student:
    def __init__(self,name=None,age=None,sex=None):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
        self.sex=sex
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name+","+str(self.age)+","+self.sex
students=[]
class saxdemo(ContentHandler):
    def __init__(self):
        self.student=None
        self.tag=None
    def startDocument(self):
        pass
    def endDocument(self):
        pass
    def startElement(self, name, attrs):
        if name=='student':
            self.student=Student()
    def endElement(self, name):
        if name=='stuname':
            self.student.name=self.tag
        if name=='stuage':
            self.student.age=self.tag
        if name=='stusex':
            self.student.sex=self.tag
        if name=='student':
            students.append(self.student)
    def characters(self, content):
        self.tag=content
parse("Student.xml",saxdemo())
for stu in students:
    print(stu)

elementTree解析xml：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as et
root=et.parse("Student.xml")
stus=root.findall("student")
p=[]
class Student:
    def __init__(self,name=None,age=None,sex=None):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
        self.sex=sex
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name+","+str(self.age)+","+self.sex
for stu in stus:
    student=Student()
    student.name=stu.find("stuname").text
    student.age = stu.find("stuage").text
    student.sex = stu.find("stusex").text
    p.append(student)
for i in p:
    print(i)