C语言/C++常见习题问答集锦之五环破冰
程序之美
前言
主体
首先我们来绘制一颗五星,看看效果吧。
运行效果一
代码示例
#include <graphics.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <conio.h>
#define RED 4
#define LIGHTRED 12
float rad = 3.1415926 / 180.0;
float k = 640 / 480;
void star(float x0, float y0, float R);
void shine(int R, int r, int data)
{
int x0[36], y0[36];
int x1[36], y1[36];
int i, data0 = 0;
int X = getmaxx() / 2, Y = getmaxy() / 2;
for (i = 0; i < 18; i++)
{
x0[i] = X + r * sin((data0 + data)*rad);
y0[i] = Y + k * r*cos((data0 + data)*rad);
x1[i] = X + R * sin((data0 + data)*rad);
y1[i] = Y + k * R*cos((data0 + data)*rad);
data += 20;
setcolor(rand()% 255);
Sleep(20);
line(x0[i], y0[i], x1[i], y1[i]);
}
}
int main()
{
float x, y, Radius;
int step = 0;
initgraph(640, 480);
setbkcolor(RED);
cleardevice();
x = getmaxx() / 2; y = getmaxy() / 2;
Radius = getmaxy() / 5;
star(x, y, Radius);
while (!_kbhit())
{
Radius = getmaxy() / 4;
step = 20 + rand()%40;
shine(Radius, Radius + step, 0); Sleep(100);
step += 20; Radius += 20;
shine(Radius, Radius + step, 10); Sleep(100);
step += 20; Radius += 20;
shine(Radius, Radius + step, 20); Sleep(200);
}
closegraph();
exit(0);
return 0;
}
void star(float x0, float y0, float R)
{
int x[5], y[5], x1[5], y1[5];
float r;
int i, a = 18;
for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
x[i] = x0 + R * cos(a*rad)*k;
y[i] = y0 - R * sin(a*rad);
a += 72;
}
r = R * (sin(18 * rad) / sin(54 * rad));
a = 54;
for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
x1[i] = x0 + r * cos(a*rad)*k;
y1[i] = y0 - r * sin(a*rad);
a += 72;
}
setcolor(RED);
line(x0, y0, x[0], y[0]);
line(x0, y0, x1[4], y1[4]);
line(x[0], y[0], x1[4], y1[4]);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, RED);
floodfill(x1[4], y1[4] - 1, RED);
setcolor(RED);
line(x0, y0, x[2], y[2]);
line(x0, y0, x1[2], y1[2]);
line(x[2], y[2], x1[2], y1[2]);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, RED);
floodfill(x1[2], y1[2] - 1, RED);
setcolor(LIGHTRED);
line(x[0], y[0], x1[0], y1[0]);
line(x0, y0, x1[0], y1[0]);
line(x0, y0, x[0], y[0]);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, LIGHTRED);
floodfill(x1[0], y[0] + 1, LIGHTRED);
setcolor(RED);
line(x0, y0, x1[0], y1[0]);
line(x0, y0, x[1], y[1]);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, LIGHTRED);
floodfill(x1[0] - 1, y1[0], RED);
setcolor(LIGHTRED);
line(x[1], y[1], x1[1], y1[1]);
line(x1[1], y1[1], x[2], y[2]);
line(x0, y0, x[1], y[1]);
line(x0, y0, x[2], y[2]);
setcolor(LIGHTRED);
line(x0, y0, x1[2], y1[2]);
line(x0, y0, x[3], y[3]);
line(x1[2], y1[2], x[3], y[3]);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, LIGHTRED);
floodfill(x1[2] + 1, y1[2] + 1, LIGHTRED);
floodfill(x1[1] + 1, y1[1] + 1, LIGHTRED);
setcolor(RED);
line(x0, y0, x[3], y[3]);
line(x0, y0, x[4], y[4]);
line(x[3], y[3], x1[3], y1[3]);
line(x1[3], y1[3], x[4], y[4]);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, RED);
floodfill(x1[3], y1[3] - 1, RED);
setcolor(LIGHTRED);
line(x0, y0, x[4], y[4]);
line(x0, y0, x1[4], y1[4]);
line(x[4], y[4], x1[4], y1[4]);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, LIGHTRED);
floodfill(x1[4] - 1, y1[4] + 1, LIGHTRED);
}
代码分析
初始化
变量初始化
float x, y, Radius;
int step = 0;
initgraph(640, 480);
setbkcolor(RED);
cleardevice();
绘制五星
x = getmaxx() / 2; y = getmaxy() / 2;
Radius = getmaxy() / 5;
star(x, y, Radius);
核心逻辑
while (!_kbhit())
{
Radius = getmaxy() / 4;
step = 20 + rand()%40;
shine(Radius, Radius + step, 0); Sleep(100);
step += 20; Radius += 20;
shine(Radius, Radius + step, 10); Sleep(100);
step += 20; Radius += 20;
shine(Radius, Radius + step, 20); Sleep(200);
}
绘制闪光的函数为:
void shine(int R, int r, int data)
{
int x0[36], y0[36];
int x1[36], y1[36];
int i, data0 = 0;
int X = getmaxx() / 2, Y = getmaxy() / 2;
for (i = 0; i < 18; i++)
{
x0[i] = X + r * sin((data0 + data)*rad);
y0[i] = Y + k * r*cos((data0 + data)*rad);
x1[i] = X + R * sin((data0 + data)*rad);
y1[i] = Y + k * R*cos((data0 + data)*rad);
data += 20;
setcolor(rand()% 255);
Sleep(20);
line(x0[i], y0[i], x1[i], y1[i]);
}
}
资源释放
closegraph();
exit(0);
五环中有蓝、黄、黑、绿、红5种色彩。
运行效果二
绘制五环效果图
代码示例
#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
initgraph(640, 480);
setbkcolor(WHITE); //设置背景色
cleardevice();
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3);//设置粗实线
setcolor(BLUE); //蓝色
circle(100, 100, 50);
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3); //设置粗实线
setcolor(YELLOW); //黄色
circle(170, 150, 50);
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3); //设置粗实线
setcolor(BLACK); //灰色色
circle(240, 100, 50);
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3); //设置粗实线
setcolor(GREEN); //绿色
circle(310, 150, 50);
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3); //设置粗实线
setcolor(RED); //红色
circle(380, 100, 50);
getchar();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
代码分析
初始化
initgraph(640, 480);
setbkcolor(WHITE); //设置背景色
cleardevice();
核心逻辑
绘制蓝色环
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3);//设置粗实线
setcolor(BLUE); //蓝色
circle(100, 100, 50);
绘制黄色环
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3); //设置粗实线
setcolor(YELLOW); //黄色
circle(170, 150, 50);
绘制灰色环
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3); //设置粗实线
setcolor(BLACK); //灰色色
circle(240, 100, 50);
绘制绿色环
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3); //设置粗实线
setcolor(GREEN); //绿色
circle(310, 150, 50);
绘制红色环
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3); //设置粗实线
setcolor(RED); //红色
circle(380, 100, 50);
资源释放
closegraph();
运行效果三
代码示例
// test42.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
double q, t, w, v;
double x[5], y[5], x1[5], x2[5], y1[5], y2[5];
int i, j, x0 = 50, y0 = 50, r = 30, m = 20, a = 10, b = 5, k, n;
t = (2 * 3.1415926) / 5;
v = (2 * 3.1415926) / 12;
initgraph(1280, 720);
setcolor(YELLOW);
setbkcolor(RED);
cleardevice();
for (i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
{
q = t * i;
x[i] = r * cos(q) + x0;
y[i] = r * sin(q) + y0;
}
moveto(x[0], y[0]);
lineto(x[2], y[2]);
lineto(x[4], y[4]);
lineto(x[1], y[1]);
lineto(x[3], y[3]);
lineto(x[0], y[0]);
lineto(x[2], y[2]);
setfillstyle(1, YELLOW);
floodfill(x0, y0, YELLOW);
for (i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
{
q = t * i;
x1[i] = m * cos(q) + x0;
y1[i] = m * sin(q) + y0;
setfillstyle(1, YELLOW);
floodfill(x1[i], y1[i], YELLOW);
}
for (j = 0; j <= 3; j++)
{
w = v * j;
x2[j] = 120 * cos(w) - 50 * sin(w) + 50 * (1 - cos(w)) + 50 * sin(w);
y2[j] = 120 * sin(w) + 50 * cos(w) + 50 * (1 - cos(w)) - 50 * sin(w);
for (k = 0; k <= 4; k++)
{
q = t * k;
x[k] = a * cos(q) + x2[j];
y[k] = a * sin(q) + y2[j];
}
moveto(x[0], y[0]);
lineto(x[2], y[2]);
lineto(x[4], y[4]);
lineto(x[1], y[1]);
lineto(x[3], y[3]);
lineto(x[0], y[0]);
lineto(x[2], y[2]);
setfillstyle(1, YELLOW);
floodfill(x2[j], y2[j], YELLOW);
for (k = 0; k <= 4; k++)
{
q = t * k;
x1[k] = b * cos(q) + x2[j];
y1[k] = b * sin(q) + y2[j];
setfillstyle(1, YELLOW);
floodfill(x1[k], y1[k], YELLOW);
}
}
_getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
代码分析
初始化
double q, t, w, v;
double x[5], y[5], x1[5], x2[5], y1[5], y2[5];
int i, j, x0 = 50, y0 = 50, r = 30, m = 20, a = 10, b = 5, k, n;
t = (2 * 3.1415926) / 5;
v = (2 * 3.1415926) / 12;
initgraph(1280, 720);
setcolor(YELLOW);
setbkcolor(RED);
cleardevice();
核心逻辑
for (i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
{
q = t * i;
x[i] = r * cos(q) + x0;
y[i] = r * sin(q) + y0;
}
moveto(x[0], y[0]);
lineto(x[2], y[2]);
lineto(x[4], y[4]);
lineto(x[1], y[1]);
lineto(x[3], y[3]);
lineto(x[0], y[0]);
lineto(x[2], y[2]);
setfillstyle(1, YELLOW);
floodfill(x0, y0, YELLOW);
for (i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
{
q = t * i;
x1[i] = m * cos(q) + x0;
y1[i] = m * sin(q) + y0;
setfillstyle(1, YELLOW);
floodfill(x1[i], y1[i], YELLOW);
}
for (j = 0; j <= 3; j++)
{
w = v * j;
x2[j] = 120 * cos(w) - 50 * sin(w) + 50 * (1 - cos(w)) + 50 * sin(w);
y2[j] = 120 * sin(w) + 50 * cos(w) + 50 * (1 - cos(w)) - 50 * sin(w);
for (k = 0; k <= 4; k++)
{
q = t * k;
x[k] = a * cos(q) + x2[j];
y[k] = a * sin(q) + y2[j];
}
moveto(x[0], y[0]);
lineto(x[2], y[2]);
lineto(x[4], y[4]);
lineto(x[1], y[1]);
lineto(x[3], y[3]);
lineto(x[0], y[0]);
lineto(x[2], y[2]);
setfillstyle(1, YELLOW);
floodfill(x2[j], y2[j], YELLOW);
for (k = 0; k <= 4; k++)
{
q = t * k;
x1[k] = b * cos(q) + x2[j];
y1[k] = b * sin(q) + y2[j];
setfillstyle(1, YELLOW);
floodfill(x1[k], y1[k], YELLOW);
}
}
这里我们在绘制五星的过程中主要使用了数学公式中的正弦函数sin和余弦函数cos。
资源释放
closegraph();
结束语
好了,今天就说这么多了,希望小伙伴们能从这篇文章中学到东西,也真心希望能够帮助正在苦学C语言的小伙伴们,你们的成长是我最大的幸福。很感谢您能够在百忙之中浏览我的文章。