03_hibernate5快速入门_JPA的方式

和上篇相比，本文用JPA的方式实现了相同的功能。

多添加了一个JAR，POM如下所示

<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>3.8.1</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.12.Final</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.12.Final</version>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId>
					<artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
					<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>dom4j</groupId>
					<artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.hibernate.common</groupId>
					<artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
					<artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.1-api</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
					<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
					<artifactId>geronimo-jta_1.1_spec</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.38</version>
		</dependency>

添加了一个hibernate-entitymanagerJAR包。

之前的hibernate.cfg.xml文件，被persistence.xml文件替代了，并且，persistence.xml文件还需要放在META-INF目录下。

<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
             version="2.0">

    <persistence-unit name="org.hibernate.tutorial.jpa">
        <description>
            Persistence unit for the JPA tutorial of the Hibernate Getting Started Guide
        </description>

        <class>org.hibernate.tutorial.em.Event</class>

        <properties>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hibernate_test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="123456" />

            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
        </properties>

    </persistence-unit>

</persistence>

实现类，和采用注解的一样，没变化。再来看一下测试类的变化

package org.hibernate.tutorial.em;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * Illustrates basic use of Hibernate as a JPA provider.
 *
 * @author Steve Ebersole
 */
public class EntityManagerIllustrationTest extends TestCase {
	private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;

	@Override
	protected void setUp() throws Exception {
		// like discussed with regards to SessionFactory, an EntityManagerFactory is set up once for an application
		// 		IMPORTANT: notice how the name here matches the name we gave the persistence-unit in persistence.xml!
		entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "org.hibernate.tutorial.jpa" );
	}

	@Override
	protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
		entityManagerFactory.close();
	}

	public void testBasicUsage() {
		// create a couple of events...
		EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
		entityManager.getTransaction().begin();
		entityManager.persist( new Event( "Our very first event!", new Date() ) );
		entityManager.persist( new Event( "A follow up event", new Date() ) );
		entityManager.getTransaction().commit();
		entityManager.close();

		// now lets pull events from the database and list them
		entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
		entityManager.getTransaction().begin();
        List<Event> result = entityManager.createQuery( "from Event", Event.class ).getResultList();
		for ( Event event : result ) {
			System.out.println( "Event (" + event.getDate() + ") : " + event.getTitle() );
		}
        entityManager.getTransaction().commit();
        entityManager.close();
	}
}

EntityManagerFactory取代了之前的SessionFactory。

EntityManager取代了之前的Session。

过程中发现了一个错误

javax.persistence.PersistenceException: No Persistence provider for EntityManager named org.hibernate.tutorial.jpa
	at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:61)
	at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:39)
	at org.hibernate.tutorial.em.EntityManagerIllustrationTest.setUp(EntityManagerIllustrationTest.java:46)
	at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:125)
	at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:106)
	at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:124)
	at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:109)
	at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:118)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.junit3.JUnit3TestReference.run(JUnit3TestReference.java:131)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

查了下资料，发现是缺少JAR包。hibernate-entitymanager，赶紧加上。

源代码 https://git.oschina.net/hnzmdpan/hibernate/tree/quickstart_JPA/

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