计算机程序的构造和解释 练习题2.80

可以把=zero?过程做成一个包进行添加，加上需要的过程定义

(define (install-zero?-package)
  (put '=zero? '(scheme-number)
       (lambda (x) (= x 0)))
  (define (rational=zero? x)
    (= (numer x) 0))
  (put '=zero? '(rational) rational=zero?)
  (define (complex=zero? x)
    (and (= (real-part x) 0) (= (imag-part x) 0)))
  (put '=zero? '(complex) complex=zero?))
(define (numer x) ((get 'numer '(rational)) x))
(define (demon x) ((get 'demon '(rational)) x))
(define (real-part x) (apply-generic 'real-part x))
(define (imag-part x) (apply-generic 'imag-part x))

最后完整的过程如下：

#lang racket
(define (square x) (* x x))
;put get实现
(define *op-table* (make-hash))

(define (put op type proc)
  (hash-set! *op-table* (list op type) proc))

(define (get op type)
  (hash-ref *op-table* (list op type) #f))

(define (attach-tag type-tag contents)
  (cond ((eq? type-tag 'scheme-number) contents)
        (else (cons type-tag contents))))

(define (type-tag datum)
  (cond ((number? datum) 'scheme-number)
        ((pair? datum) (car datum))
        (else (error "Bad tagged datum -- TYPE-TAG" datum))))

(define (contents datum)
   (cond ((number? datum) datum)
         ((pair? datum) (cdr datum))
         (else (error "Bad tagged datum -- CONTENTS" datum))))

(define (apply-generic op . args)
  (let ((type-tags (map type-tag args)))
    (let ((proc (get op type-tags)))
      (if proc
          (apply proc (map contents args))
          (error
           "No method for these types -- APPLY-GENERIC"
           (list op type-tags))))))

(define (add x y) (apply-generic 'add x y))
(define (sub x y) (apply-generic 'sub x y))
(define (mul x y) (apply-generic 'mul x y))
(define (div x y) (apply-generic 'div x y))
(define (numer x) ((get 'numer '(rational)) x))
(define (demon x) ((get 'demon '(rational)) x))
(define (real-part x) (apply-generic 'real-part x))
(define (imag-part x) (apply-generic 'imag-part x))
(define (magnitude x) (apply-generic 'magnitude x))
(define (angle x) (apply-generic 'angle x))
(define (equ? x y) (apply-generic 'equ? x y))
(define (=zero? x) (apply-generic '=zero? x))
(define (install-scheme-number-package)
  (define (tag x)
    (attach-tag 'scheme-number x))
  (put 'add '(scheme-number scheme-number)
       (lambda (x y) (+ x y)))
  (put 'sub '(scheme-number scheme-number)
       (lambda (x y) (- x y)))
  (put 'mul '(scheme-number scheme-number)
       (lambda (x y) (* x y)))
  (put 'div '(scheme-number scheme-number)
       (lambda (x y) (/ x y)))
  (put 'equ? '(scheme-number scheme-number)
       (lambda (x y) (= x y)))
  (put 'make 'scheme-number
       (lambda (x) (x)))
  'done)
(define (make-scheme-number n)
  ((get 'make 'scheme-number) n))

(define (install-rational-package)
  (define (numer x) (car x))
  (define (denom x) (cdr x))
  (define (make-rat n d)
    (let ((g (gcd n d)))
      (cons (/ n g) (/ d g))))
  (define (add-rat x y)
    (make-rat (+ (* (numer x) (denom y))
                 (* (numer y) (denom x)))
              (* (denom x) (denom y))))
  (define (sub-rat x y)
    (make-rat (- (* (numer x) (denom y))
                 (* (numer y) (denom x)))
              (* (denom x) (denom y))))
  (define (mul-rat x y)
    (make-rat (* (numer x) (numer y))
              (* (denom x) (denom y))))
  (define (div-rat x y)
    (make-rat (* (numer x) (denom y))
              (* (denom x) (numer y))))
  (define (equ? x y)
    (and (= (numer x) (numer y))
         (= (denom x) (denom y))))
  (define (tag x) (attach-tag ' rational x))
  (put 'numer '(rational) numer)
  (put 'denom '(rational) denom)
  (put 'add '(rational rational)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (add-rat x y))))
  (put 'sub '(rational rational)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (sub-rat x y))))
  (put 'mul '(rational rational)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (mul-rat x y))))
  (put 'div '(rational rational)
       (lambda (x y) (tag (div-rat x y))))
  (put 'equ? '(rational rational)
       (lambda (x y) (equ? x y)))
  (put 'make 'rational
       (lambda (n d) (tag (make-rat n d))))
  'done)
(define (make-rational n d)
  ((get 'make 'rational) n d))

(define (install-complex-package)
  (define (make-from-real-imag x y)
    ((get 'make-from-real-imag 'rectangular) x y))
  (define (make-from-mag-ang r a)
    ((get 'make-from-mag-ang 'polar) r a))
  (define (add-complex z1 z2)
    (make-from-real-imag (+ (real-part z1) (real-part z2))
                         (+ (imag-part z1) (imag-part z2))))
  (define (sub-complex z1 z2)
    (make-from-real-imag (- (real-part z1) (real-part z2))
                         (- (imag-part z1) (imag-part z2))))
  (define (mul-complex z1 z2)
    (make-from-mag-ang (* (magnitude z1) (magnitude z2))
                       (+ (angle z1) (angle z2))))
  (define (div-complex z1 z2)
    (make-from-mag-ang (* (magnitude z1) (magnitude z2))
                       (- (angle z1) (angle z2))))
  (define (equ? z1 z2)
    (and (= (magnitude z1) (magnitude z2))
         (= (angle z1) (angle z2))))
  (define (real-part z) (apply-generic 'real-part z))
  (define (imag-part z) (apply-generic 'imag-part z))
  (define (magnitude z) (apply-generic 'magnitude z))
  (define (angle z) (apply-generic 'angle z))
  (define (tag z) (attach-tag 'complex z))
  (put 'add '(complex complex)
       (lambda (z1 z2) (tag (add-complex z1 z2))))
  (put 'sub '(complex complex)
       (lambda (z1 z2) (tag (sub-complex z1 z2))))
  (put 'mul '(complex complex)
       (lambda (z1 z2) (tag (mul-complex z1 z2))))
  (put 'div '(complex complex)
       (lambda (z1 z2) (tag (div-complex z1 z2))))
  (put 'equ? '(complex complex)
       (lambda (z1 z2) (equ? z1 z2)))
  (put 'make-from-real-imag 'complex
       (lambda (x y) (tag (make-from-real-imag x y))))
  (put 'make-from-mag-ang 'complex
       (lambda (r a) (tag (make-from-mag-ang r a))))
  (put 'real-part '(complex) real-part)
  (put 'imag-part '(complex) imag-part)
  (put 'magnitude '(complex) magnitude)
  (put 'angle '(complex) angle)
  'done)
(define (make-complex-from-real-imag x y)
  ((get 'make-from-real-imag 'complex) x y))
(define (make-complex-from-mag-ang r a)
  ((get 'make-from-mag-ang 'complex) r a))

(define (install-rectangular-package)
  (define (real-part z) (car z))
  (define (imag-part z) (cdr z))
  (define (make-from-real-imag x y) (cons x y))
  (define (magnitude z)
    (sqrt (+ (square (real-part z))
             (square (imag-part z)))))
  (define (angle z)
    (atan (imag-part z) (real-part z)))
  (define (make-from-mag-ang r a)
    (cons (* r (cos a))
          (* r (sin a))))
  (define (tag x) (attach-tag 'rectangular x))
  (put 'real-part '(rectangular) real-part)
  (put 'imag-part '(rectangular) imag-part)
  (put 'magnitude '(rectangular) magnitude)
  (put 'angle '(rectangular) angle)
  (put 'make-from-real-imag 'rectangular
       (lambda (x y) (tag (make-from-real-imag x y))))
  (put make-from-mag-ang 'rectangular
       (lambda (r a) (tag (make-from-mag-ang r a))))
  'done)

(define (install-polar-package)
  (define (magnitude z) (car z))
  (define (angle z) (cdr z))
  (define (make-from-mag-ang r a) (cons r a))
  (define (real-part z)
    (* (magnitude z) (cos (angle z))))
  (define (imag-part z)
    (* (magnitude z) (sin (angle z))))
  (define (make-from-real-imag x y)
    (cons (sqrt (+ (square x) (square y)))
          (atan y x)))
  (define (tag x) (attach-tag 'polar x))
  (put 'real-part '(polar) real-part)
  (put 'imag-part '(polar) imag-part)
  (put 'magnitude '(polar) magnitude)
  (put 'angle '(polar) angle)
  (put 'make-from-real-imag 'polar 
       (lambda (x y) (tag (make-from-real-imag x y))))
  (put 'make-from-mag-ang 'polar 
       (lambda (r a) (tag (make-from-mag-ang r a))))
  'done)
(define (install-zero?-package)
  (put '=zero? '(scheme-number)
       (lambda (x) (= x 0)))
  (define (rational=zero? x)
    (= (numer x) 0))
  (put '=zero? '(rational) rational=zero?)
  (define (complex=zero? x)
    (and (= (real-part x) 0) (= (imag-part x) 0)))
  (put '=zero? '(complex) complex=zero?))
(install-scheme-number-package)
(install-rational-package)
(install-complex-package)
(install-rectangular-package)
(install-polar-package)
(install-zero?-package)

(define rational-A (make-rational 0 4))
(define rational-B (make-rational 1 4))
(define complex-A (make-complex-from-real-imag 0 0))
(define complex-B (make-complex-from-real-imag 1 0))

(=zero? 0)
(=zero? 1)
(=zero? rational-A)
(=zero? rational-B)
(=zero? complex-A)
(=zero? complex-B)

运行结果

#t
#f
#t
#f
#t
#f