加载网络图片（若SDCard有，则本地加载）

布局文件：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    >

    <Button
        android:onClick="download"
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="下载图片" 
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"/>
    <ImageView 
        android:id="@+id/image_view"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_below="@id/button"/>

</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity：

package com.example.zjday13_download_picture;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import com.example.zjday13_download_picture.utils.FileUtil;
import com.example.zjday13_download_picture.utils.MyTask;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private ImageView imageView;
    String path ="https://www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        imageView=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image_view);
    }
    /**
     * 下载图片
     * @param v
     */
    public void download(View v){

        //先判断，如果SD卡有图片，直接加载否则开启异步任务下载图片
        Bitmap bitmap =FileUtil.readImage(path);
        if(bitmap!=null){
            imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            Log.i("info", "本地有图片，从本地加载");
        }else{
            new MyTask(getApplicationContext(),imageView).execute(path);
            Log.i("info", "从网络下载图片");
        }
    }
}

文件的工具类：

package com.example.zjday13_download_picture.utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Environment;

public class FileUtil {

    //保存图片的缓存路径
    //Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() 得到sd卡的根目录
    private static final String PATH=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
            +"/downloadpicture/images";

    public static boolean isMountend(){
        //获取sd卡的状态
        String state =Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        return state.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);

    }
    //从图片路径获取图片的名字
    public static String getFileName(String url){

        return url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/")+1);   
    }

    public static void saveImage(String url, byte[] buffer) throws IOException {
        //1.判断sd卡状态，如果sd卡不可用，则直接返回
        if(!isMountend()) return;
        //2.判断当前缓存的目录是否存在
        File dir=new File(PATH);
        if(!dir.exists()){
            dir.mkdirs();//级联创建
        }
        //3.将图片的字节数写到指定的文件中(需要知道文件的缓存目录和图图片的名字)
        FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(new File(dir, getFileName(url)));

        fos.write(buffer);
        fos.close();
    }
    /**
     * 根据传入的图片的路径，获取sd卡中缓存的图片
     * @param path2
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap readImage(String url) {
        if(!isMountend()) return null;

        File imageFile =new File(PATH,getFileName(url));

        if(imageFile.exists())
        {
            //把指定路径的文件转换成Bitmap格式
            return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imageFile.getAbsolutePath());
        }
        return null;
    }
}

异步下载任务：

package com.example.zjday13_download_picture.utils;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Bitmap> {
    private Context context;
    private ImageView imageView;

    public MyTask(Context context,ImageView imageView) {
        super();
        this.context=context;
        this.imageView = imageView;
    }

    @Override
    protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... params) {
        String path =params[0];
        try {
            URL url =new URL(path);
            HttpURLConnection conn=(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
            conn.connect();
            if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
                InputStream inStream=conn.getInputStream();
                ByteArrayOutputStream baso=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                int len =0;
                byte[]buffer=new byte[1024];
                while((len =inStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
                    baso.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }
                buffer =baso.toByteArray();
                //将获取的数据写入Sd卡中
                FileUtil.saveImage(path,buffer);
                Bitmap bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
                return bitmap;
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap result) {
        super.onPostExecute(result);
        if(result!=null){
            imageView.setImageBitmap(result);
            Toast.makeText(context, "加载。。。。", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }
}