将DataTable序列化为Json格式

很多时候我们希望将查询出的数据源格式（如：List<T>、DataTable等）转换为Json格式，便于前台的JS的处理，尤其是在使用Extjs框架的时候，JsonStore异步（Ajax）请求的数据格式就是Json，那么后台序列化的就显得非常重要！

当然序列化很简单，因为微软已经提供了序列化的方法，在引用命名空间（using System.Web.Script.Serialization;）后，即可使用内置的JavaScriptSerializer. Serialize()方法，使用方式如下：

JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();

string  strJson = jss.Serialize(t); //T t为泛型

一般类型都能顺利序列化,但是如果此时传入的类型T为DataTable,那么就会发生异常了,出现”序列化类型为“System.Reflection.Module”的对象时检测到循环引用。”的错误提示.

 

究其原因,猜测可能是DataTable的成员DataRow的Table属性又引用了DataTable本身，真正原因我没去分析。下面提供一种解决方式：

/*

* Copyright: Copyright: ?2010 Twilight软件开发工作室

* Author: xuzhihong

* Create date: 2010-3-24

* Description: 将DataTable转换JSON对象

*

*/

 

    public class ConventDataTableToJson

    {

          /// <summary>

           /// 序列化方法（带分页）

           /// </summary>

           /// <param name="dt"></param>

          /// <returns></returns>

        public static string Serialize(DataTable dt)

        {

            List<Dictionary<string, object>> list = new List<Dictionary<string, object>>();

            foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)

            {

                Dictionary<string, object> result = new Dictionary<string, object>();

                foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns)

                {

                    result.Add(dc.ColumnName, dr[dc].ToString());

                }

                list.Add(result);

            }

            int count = 0;

            try

            {

                count = Convert.ToInt32(dt.TableName);

            }

            catch (System.Exception ex)

            {

                count = dt.Rows.Count;

            }

            string strReturn = "";

            if (count == 0)

            {

                strReturn = "{/"totalCount/":0,/"data/":[]}";

            }

            else

            {

                strReturn = ConventToJson(list, count);

            }

            return strReturn;

        }

 

        /// <summary>

        /// 转换为JSON对象

        /// </summary>

        /// <returns></returns>

        public static string ConventToJson<T>(List<T> list, int count)

        {

            JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();

            string strJson = serializer.Serialize(list);

            strJson = strJson.Substring(1);

            strJson = strJson.Insert(0, "{totalCount:" + count + ",data:[");

            strJson += "}";

 

            return strJson;

        }

 

        /// <summary>

        /// 不需要分页

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="dt"></param>

        /// <param name="flag">false</param>

        /// <returns></returns>

        public static string Serialize(DataTable dt,bool flag)

        {

            JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();

            List<Dictionary<string, object>> list = new List<Dictionary<string, object>>();

            foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)

            {

                Dictionary<string, object> result = new Dictionary<string, object>();

                foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns)

                {

                    result.Add(dc.ColumnName, dr[dc].ToString());

                }

                list.Add(result);

            }

            return serializer.Serialize(list); ;

        }

}

 

 

 

原理非常简单，主要思想就是利用Dictionary<string, object>字典，将DataRow属性名/值存储在List<Dictionary<string, object>>中，这样List<T>是能被正常序列化的。

 

说明：在带分页的序列化方法，我做了一个格式设置，主要是为了序列化为Extjs的JsonStore要求的格式，序列化的Json字符串如下：（下面的字符串只有一条记录）

{totalCount:1,data:[{"FID":"71e78220-8074-4f17-9f7b-c2413bf0ac4e","FTaskID":"b4f42e8e-a457-424c-888c-b874128ffb57","FTaskCode":"20110119-01","FTestItemID":"9a8c3c7a-f8c2-41f0-a279-4d50575f5f89","FTestItemName":"盖总成分离指安装高度及分离指端面跳动量测定","FAssignTag":"0","FTestCompleteTag":"0","FType":"1","FReTestTag":"1","FReTestFromTag":"1","FHasOriginalFile":"0","FInSampleNumber":"","FSerialNumber":"","FTestRemark":"","FReceiver":"","FReceiveTime":"","FEndTag":"1","FSampleModel":"234","FIsUrgent":"0","FSampleName":"","RowNumber":"1"}]}

 

其中：totalCount和dat对应JS的totalProperty和root配置项。

        var store = new Ext.data.JsonStore({

            proxy: new Ext.data.HttpProxy({ url: Vars.Url}),

            idProperty: 'FID',

            root: 'data',

            totalProperty: 'totalCount',

            fields: ['FID', 'FCode', 'FDuName', 'FSampleName'],

            baseParams: { sign: 'GetByCondition', start: 0, limit: Vars.PageSize, condition: Ext.encode(Vars.Condition) }

        });