HttpClient

1. 介绍

1. 什么是httpClient?

HttpClient 是Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。

2. B. httpClient主要用来做什么?

主要用来做服务器间相互间的调用

2. 代码示例

1. 无参get请求

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author 红尘丶世界
 * @date 2020/08/17
 */
public class DoGet {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//创建httpClient对象,相当于打开了浏览器
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		//创建HttpGet请求,相当于在浏览器输入地址
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("https://www.baidu.com");
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			//执行请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				// 解析响应，获取数据
				String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
				System.out.println(content);
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (response != null) {
				// 关闭资源
				response.close();
			}
			// 关闭浏览器
			httpClient.close();
		}
	}
}

2. 带参get请求

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;

/**
 * @author 红尘丶世界
 * @date 2020/08/17
 */
public class DoGetParam {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
		//创建httpClient对象,相当于打开了浏览器
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		//设置路径,传递参数
		URI uri = new URIBuilder("http://www.baidu.com/s").setParameter("wd", "java").build();
		//创建HttpGet请求,相当于在浏览器输入地址
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			//执行请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				// 解析响应，获取数据
				String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
				System.out.println(content);
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (response != null) {
				// 关闭资源
				response.close();
			}
			// 关闭浏览器
			httpClient.close();
		}
	}

	}
}

3. 无参post请求

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author 红尘丶世界
 * @date 2020/08/17
 */
public class DoPost {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 创建HttpClient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        // 创建http POST请求
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.oschina.net/");
        // 把自己伪装成浏览器。否则开源中国会拦截访问
        httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/56.0.2924.87 Safari/537.36");
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 执行请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            //定义一个200的状态码
            int httpCode = 200;
            // 判断返回状态是否为200
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == httpCode) {
                // 解析响应数据
                String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
                System.out.println(content);
            }
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                response.close();
            }
            // 关闭浏览器
            httpClient.close();
        }
        httpPost(httpClient, httpPost);
    }
}

4. 带参post请求

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 红尘丶世界
 * @date 2020/08/17
 */
public class DoPostParam {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 创建HttpClient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        // 创建http POST请求，访问开源中国
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.oschina.net/search");

        // 根据开源中国的请求需要，设置post请求参数
        List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(0);
        parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("scope", "project"));
        parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("q", "java"));
        parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("fromerr", "8bDnUWwC"));
        // 构造一个form表单式的实体
        UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters);
        // 将请求实体设置到httpPost对象中
        httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 执行请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            //定义一个200的状态码
            int httpCode = 200;
            // 判断返回状态是否为200
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == httpCode) {
                // 解析响应数据
                String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
                System.out.println(content);
            }
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                response.close();
            }
            // 关闭浏览器
            httpClient.close();
        }
    }
}