动手学深度学习PyTorch版-线性回归

线性回归

从零开始实现线性回归

import torch
import time

# init variable a, b as 1000 dimension vector
n = 1000
a = torch.ones(n)
b = torch.ones(n)
# define a timer class to record time
class Timer(object):
    """Record multiple running times."""
    def __init__(self):
        self.times = []
        self.start()

    def start(self):
        # start the timer
        self.start_time = time.time()

    def stop(self):
        # stop the timer and record time into a list
        self.times.append(time.time() - self.start_time)
        return self.times[-1]

    def avg(self):
        # calculate the average and return
        return sum(self.times)/len(self.times)

    def sum(self):
        # return the sum of recorded time
        return sum(self.times)

timer = Timer()
c = torch.zeros(n)
for i in range(n):
    c[i] = a[i] + b[i]
'%.5f sec' % timer.stop()

‘0.01155 sec’

timer.start()
d = a + b
'%.5f sec' % timer.stop()

‘0.00022 sec’

结果很明显,后者比前者运算速度更快。因此，我们应该尽可能采用矢量计算，以提升计算效率。

# import packages and modules
%matplotlib inline
import torch
from IPython import display
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import random

print(torch.__version__)

使用线性模型生成数据

# set input feature number 
num_inputs = 2
# set example number
num_examples = 1000

# set true weight and bias in order to generate corresponded label
true_w = [2, -3.4]
true_b = 4.2

features = torch.randn(num_examples, num_inputs,
                      dtype