Selected solutions to exercise of "The C Programming Language" 2e (Part 4)

Exercise 1-18

Write a program to remove all trailing blanks and tabs from each line of input, and to delete entirely blank lines.

/*

  K&R2 1-18 p31: Write a program to remove trailing blanks and tabs

from each line of input, and to delete entirely blank lines.

The program specification is ambiguous: does "entirely blank lines"

mean lines that contain no characters other than newline, or does

it include lines composed of blanks and tabs followed by newline?

The latter interpretation is taken here.

 

  This implementation does not use any features not introduced in the

first chapter of K&R2.  As a result, it can't use pointers to

dynamically allocate a buffer to store blanks that it has seen, so

it must limit the number of blanks that are allowed to occur

consecutively.  (This is the value of MAXQUEUE, minus one.)

 

  It is intended that this implementation "degrades gracefully."

Even though a particular input might have 1000 or more trailing

blanks or tabs in a row, causing a problem for a single pass,

multiple passes through the file will correct the problem.  The

program signals the need for such an additional pass by returning a

failure code to the operating system.  (EXIT_FAILURE isn't mentioned

in the first chapter of K&R, but I'm making an exception here.)

*/

 

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

 

#define MAXQUEUE 1001

 

int advance(int pointer)

{

    if (pointer < MAXQUEUE - 1)

        return pointer + 1;

    else

        return 0;

}

 

int main(void)

{

    char blank[MAXQUEUE];

    int head, tail;

    int nonspace;

    int retval;

    int c;

 

    /*bool: was the last character printed whitespace?*/

    int spaceJustPrinted;

   

    retval = spaceJustPrinted = nonspace = head = tail = 0;

   

    while ((c = getchar()) != EOF) {

        if (c == '/n') {

            head = tail = 0;

            /*if some trailing whitespace was printed...*/

            if (spaceJustPrinted == 1)

                retval = EXIT_FAILURE;

           

            if (nonspace) {

                putchar('/n');

 

                /* this instruction isn't really necessary since

                spaceJustPrinted is only used to determine the

                return value, but we'll keep this boolean truthful

                */

                spaceJustPrinted = 0;

 

                /* moved inside conditional just to save a needless

                assignment */

                nonspace = 0; 

               

            }

        }

        else if (c == ' ' || c == '/t') {

            if (advance(head) == tail) {

            /* these whitespace chars being printed early

            are only a problem if they are trailing,

                which we'll check when we hit a /n or EOF */

            putchar(blank[tail]);

            spaceJustPrinted = 1;

            tail = advance(tail);

            nonspace = 1;

            }

           

            blank[head] = c;

            head = advance(head);

        }

        else {

            while (head != tail) {

                putchar(blank[tail]);

                tail = advance(tail);

            }

            putchar(c);

            spaceJustPrinted = 0;

            nonspace = 1;

        }

    }

   

    /* if the last line wasn't ended with a newline before the EOF,

    we'll need to figure out if trailing space was printed here */

    /*if some trailing whitespace was printed...*/

    if (spaceJustPrinted == 1)

        retval = EXIT_FAILURE;

   

    return retval;

}

 

Exercise 1-19

Write a function reverse(s) that reverses the character string s. Use it to write a program that reverses its input a line at a time.

#include <stdio.h>

#define  MAX_LINE 1024

 

int reverse(char s[], int len)

{

    char ch;

    int i, j = len - 1;

   

    for(i = 0; i < j; i++, j--)

    {

        ch   = s[i];

        s[i] = s[j];

        s[j] = ch;

    }

   

    return 0;

}

 

int getline(char s[], int lim)

{

    int c, i;

   

    for(i = 0;

    i < lim - 1 && (c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '/n'; ++i)

        s[i] = c;  

   

    if(c == '/n') {

        s[i++] = c;

    }

   

    s[i] = '/0';   

    return i;

}

 

int main(void)

{

    char line[MAX_LINE];

    int len = 0;

   

    while((len = getline(line, sizeof line)) > 0)

    {       

        if (line[len - 1] == '/n') {

            len--;

        }

        reverse(line, len);

        printf("%s", line);

    }

    return 0;

}