动态定义类变量和类实例变量

class Mine
  attr_accessor :some_var

  def intialize
    @some_var = true
  end

  def my_number num
    self.class.__send__(:attr_accessor, "my_#{num}")
    self.__send__("my_#{num}=", num)
  end
end

dude = Mine.new
dude.my_number 1
puts dude.my_1

#=> 1

#or
  def my_number num
     self.instance_variable_set "@my_#{num}", num
     self.class.class_eval do
        define_method("my_#{num}") { num }
     end
  end
#or
class Mine
  # ...
  def my_number num
    class << self
      attr_accessor "my_#{num}"
    end
    self.send("my_#{num}=", num)
  end
end

class Widget
  # class instance variable pattern
  class << self; attr_accessor :color; end

  def show_color()
    "This widget is #{self.class.color}"
  end
end
class WidgetR < Widget
  @color = "Russet"
end
class WidgetC < Widget
  @color = "Cordovan"
end
class WidgetL < Widget
  @color = "Liver"
end

WidgetR.new.show_color #=> "This widget is Russet"
#or
class A
  @count = 0
  @@count = 0
  def self.inherited(subclass)
    subclass.instance_eval { @count = 0 }
  end
  def self.num_instances
    @count
  end
  def self.num_subclass_instances
    @@count
  end
  def self.new
    @count += 1
    @@count += 1
    super
  end
end
class B < A
end
class C < B
end

A.new
B.new
A.new
B.new
B.new
C.new

A.num_instances #=> 2
A.num_subclass_instances #=> 6
B.num_instances #=> 3
B.num_subclass_instances #=> 6
C.num_instances #=> 1
C.num_subclass_instances #=> 6