436. Find Right Interval

Given a set of intervals, for each of the interval i, check if there exists an interval j whose start point is bigger than or equal to the end point of the interval i, which can be called that j is on the "right" of i.

For any interval i, you need to store the minimum interval j's index, which means that the interval j has the minimum start point to build the "right" relationship for interval i. If the interval j doesn't exist, store -1 for the interval i. Finally, you need output the stored value of each interval as an array.

Note:

1. You may assume the interval's end point is always bigger than its start point.
2. You may assume none of these intervals have the same start point.

Example 1:

Input: [ [1,2] ]

Output: [-1]

Explanation: There is only one interval in the collection, so it outputs -1.

Example 2:

Input: [ [3,4], [2,3], [1,2] ]

Output: [-1, 0, 1]

Explanation: There is no satisfied "right" interval for [3,4].
For [2,3], the interval [3,4] has minimum-"right" start point;
For [1,2], the interval [2,3] has minimum-"right" start point.

Example 3:

Input: [ [1,4], [2,3], [3,4] ]

Output: [-1, 2, -1]

Explanation: There is no satisfied "right" interval for [1,4] and [3,4].
For [2,3], the interval [3,4] has minimum-"right" start point.
原题如上所示：
1.咋一看，肯定会有很多人想到用最笨的方法，也就是全部遍历直到找到那个大于等于它的end的最小start，但是这种情况显示超时。确实，时间复杂度为O（n^2），代码如下：
public class Solution {
    public int[] findRightInterval(Interval[] intervals) {
         int length=intervals.length;
        int[] ret=new int [length];
        for(int i=0;i<length;i++){
        	int interval=Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        	int flag=-1;
        	for(int j=0;j<length;j++)
        		if(intervals[j].start>=intervals[i].end&&interval>=intervals[j].start-intervals[i].end){
        			interval=intervals[j].start-intervals[i].end;
        			flag=j;
        		}
        		
        		ret[i]=flag;
        	}
        return ret;
    }
}
提交的结果是超时。
2.第二种思想就要考虑利用集合类了，时间复杂度为O（NlgN）回想到TreeMap中自带有两个函数higherEntry(key)和ceilingEntry(key);这两个函数的作用是：higherEntry(key)返回大于键的最小键，如果不存在则返回null
ceilingEntry(key)返回大于或等于键的最小键，如果不存在则返回null。所以完美的解决了这个问题，算法分为以下两步骤：
1）建立一个TreeMap，用来保存起始点和位置。
2）遍历intervals，调用treemap的两个函数，找到相应的键值对。
具体函数代码如下：
public class Solution {
    public int[] findRightInterval(Interval[] intervals) {
        	int length=intervals.length;
	int []ret =new int[length];
//第一步骤，定义键值对
	TreeMap<Integer,Integer> tMap=new TreeMap<Integer,Integer>();
	for(int i=0;i<length;i++){
		tMap.put(intervals[i].start, i);
		
	}
//第二步骤，调用函数来找到目标键值对
	for(int i=0;i<length;i++){
		Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry=tMap.ceilingEntry(intervals[i].end);
                //Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry=tMap.higherEntry(intervals[i].end-1);
		if(entry!=null) ret[i]=entry.getValue();
		else ret[i]=-1;
		
	}
	return ret;
    }
}
考虑到最近遇到了不少TreeMap,HashMap以及相关的HashTable的问题，下一篇博客决定来比较下这几种集合类的区别。