swift 学习笔记（1）

func demo() {
    let oName: String? = "张三"
    let oAge: Int? = 10
    if oName != nil && oAge != nil {
        print(oName! + String(oAge!))
    }
}

// if let / var 连用 判断对象的值是否为nil
if let name = oName,
    age = oAge {
    //进入分支后 一定有值，不需要解包
    print(name + String(age))
}

// guard let 守护一定有值，如果没有直接返回 刚好与if let 相反
func demo2() {
    let oName: String? = "张三"
    let oAge: Int? = 10

    guard let name = oName,
        age = oAge else {
        print("姓名或者年龄为nil")
        return
    }
}

// 小技巧
func demo3(name: String?, age: Int?) {
    //guard let & if let
    guard let name = name, age = age else {
        print("姓名火年龄为nil")
        return
    }
}

// switch
func demo4(num: String) {
    swith: num {
        case "10","9":
            print("我")
        break
        case "11":
            print("你")
        break
        default:
            print("其他")
        break
    }
}

// 传统的 for 循环已被替代
func demo() {
    for var i = 0; i < 10; i += 1 {
    }
}

//字符串的遍历
func demo() {
    //NSString 不支持以下遍历
    let str: String = "我要飞得更高"
    for c in str.characters {
        print(c)
    }
}

//字符串长度
func demo() {
    let str: "hello world你好"
    // 1>
    print(str.lengthOfBytes(using: .utf8))
    // 2> 推荐使用
    print(str.characters.count)
    // 3>
    let ocStr = str as NSString
    print(ocStr.length)
}

//字符串拼接
func demo() {
    let name = "小王"
    let age = 10
    let title: String = "BOSS"
    let point = CGPoint(x: 100, y: 100)
    let str = "\(name) \(age) \(title ?? "") \(point)"
    print(str)
}

//格式化
func demo() {
    let h = 8
    let m = 9
    let s = 6
    let dataStr = String(format: "%02d:%02d:%02d", h, m, s)
    print(dataStr)
}

//数组的定义
func demo() {
    let array = ["张三","李四","小杨"]
    print(array)
}

//数组遍历
func demo() {
    let array = ["张三","李四","小杨"]
    // 1> 按下标遍历
    for i in 0..<array.count {
        print(array[i])
    }
    // 2> for in
    for s in array {
        print(s)
    }
    // 3> enum block 同时遍历下标和内容
    for e in array.enumerated() {
        print(e)//元组(0, 张三)
        print("\(e.offset) \(e.element)")// 0 张三
    }
    // 4>
    for (n, s) in array.enumerated() {
        print("\(n) \(s)")//0 张三
    }
    // 5> 反序
    for s in array.reversed() {
        print(s)
    }
    // 6> 反序以及下标 注意顺序 先枚举再反序
    for (n, s) in array.enumerated().reversed() {
        print("\(n) \(s)")
    }
}

//数组的增删改 容量
func demo() {
    var array = ["张三","李四","小杨"]
    array.append("老王")
    print(array)
    //修改下标
    array[0] = "小张三"
    print(array)
    //数组越界
    array[5] = "xxx"
    //删除
    array.remove(at: 3)
    //删除全部并保留空间（容量）
    array.removeAll(keepingCapacity: try)
}

//数组合并 两个数组的类型必须一致
func demo() {
    var array = ["张三","李四","小杨"]
    var array2 = ["王五","小宋"]
    array += array2
    print(array)
}
func demo2() {
    var array1: [NSObject] = ["张三","李四","小杨"]
    var array2 = ["10","20",100]
    array += array2
    print(array)
}

//字典
func demo() {
    // [KEY: VALUE] -> [String : NSObject]
    let dict = ["name": "张", "age": 18]
    print(dict)
    let array: [[String: AnyObject]] = [
        ["name": "张", "age": 18],
        ["name": "李"， "age": 20]
    ]
}

//字典的增删改
func demo() {
    let dict = ["name": "张", "age": 18]
    //增
    dict["title"] = "大哥"
    //改
    dict["name"] = "大西瓜"
    //删
    dict.removeValue(forKey: "age")
    print(dict)
}

//字典遍历
func demo() {
    let dict = ["name": "张", "age": 18, "title": "老板"]
    for e in dict {
        print("\(e.key) \(e.value)")
    }
    for (k, v) in dict {
        print("\(k) \(v)")
    }
}

//字典合并
func demo() {
    let dict1 = ["name": "张", "age": 18, "title": "老板"]
    let dict2 = ["name": "李", "age": 18, "title": "员工"]
    //字典不能直接相加
    for e in dict2 {
        dict1[e.key] = dict2[e.key]
    }
}