Solaris mdb使用简介

13.2. MDB Command Syntax The MDB debugger lets us interact with the target program and the memory image of the target. The syntax is an enhanced form of that used with debuggers like adb, in which basic form is expressed as value and a command. [value] [,count ] command The language syntax is designed around the concept of computing the value of an expression (typically a memory address in the target), and applying a command to that expression. A command in MDB can be of several forms. It can be a macro file, a metacharacter, or a dcmd pipeline. A simple command is a metacharacter or dcmd followed by a sequence of zero or more blank-separated words. The words are typically passed as arguments. Each command returns an exit status that indicates it succeeded, failed, or was invoked with invalid arguments. For example, if we wanted to display the contents of the word at address fec4b8d0, we could use the / metacharacter with the word X as a format specifier, and optionally a count specifying the number of iterations. > fec4b8d0 /X lotsfree: lotsfree: f5e > fec4b8d0,4 /X lotsfree: lotsfree: f5e 7af 3d7 28 MDB retains the notion of dot (.) as the current address or value, retained from the last successful command. A command with no supplied expression uses the value of dot for its argument. > /X lotsfree: lotsfree: f5e > . /X lotsfree: lotsfree: f5e A pipeline is a sequence of one or more simple commands separated by |. Unlike the shell, dcmds in MDB pipelines are not executed as separate processes. After the pipeline has been parsed, each dcmd is invoked in order from left to right. The full definition of a command involving pipelines is as follows. [expr] [,count ] pipeline [words...] Each dcmd's output is processed and stored as described in "dcmd Pipelines" in Section 13.2.8. After the left-hand dcmd is complete, its processed output is used as input for the next dcmd in the pipeline. If any dcmd does not return a successful exit status, the pipeline is aborted. For reference, Table 13.1 lists the full set of expression and pipeline combinations that form commands. Table 13.1. General MDB Command Syntax Command Description pipeline [!word...] [;] basic expr pipeline [!word...] [;] set dot, run once expr, expr pipeline [!word...] [;] set dot, repeat , expr pipeline [!word...] [;] repeat expr [!word...] [;] set dot, last pipeline, run once , expr [!word...] [;] last pipeline, repeat expr, expr [!word...] [;] set dot, last pipeline, repeat !word... [;] shell escape 13.2.1. Expressions Arithmetic expansion is performed when an MDB command is preceded by an optional expression representing a numerical argument for a dcmd. A list of common expressions is summarized in Tables 13.2, 13.3, and 13.4. Table 13.2. Arithmetic Expressions Operator Expression integer 0i binary 0o octal 0t decimal 0x hex 0t[0-9]+/.[0-9]+ IEEE floating point 'cccccccc' little-endian character const <identifier variable lookup identifier symbol lookup (expr) the value of expr . the value of dot & last dot used by dcmd + dot+increment ^ dot-increment (increment is effected by the last formatting dcmd) Table 13.3. Unary Operators Operator Expression #expr logical NOT ~expr bitwise NOT -expr integer negation %expr object-file pointer dereference %/[csil]/expr object-file typed dereference %/[1248]/expr object-file sized dereference *expr virtual-address pointer dereference */[csil]/expr virtual-address typed dereference */[1248]/expr virtual-address sized dereference [csil] is char-, short-, int-, or long-sized   Table 13.4. Binary Operators Operator Description expr * expr integer multiplication expr % expr integer division left # right left rounded up to next right multiple expr + expr integer addition expr - expr integer subtraction expr << expr bitwise left shift expr >> expr bitwise right shift (logical) expr == expr logical equality expr != expr logical inequality expr & expr bitwise AND expr ^ expr bitwise XOR expr | expr bitwise OR An example of a simple expression is adding an integer to an address. > d7c662e0+0t8/X 0xd7c662e8: d2998b80 > d7c662e0+0t8::print int 0xd7c662e8: d2998b80 13.2.2. Symbols MDB can reference memory or objects according to the value of a symbol of the target. A symbol is the name of either a function or a global variable in the target.