Linux 文件流与目录流管理

Linux 应用开发_04 文件流与目录流管理

本课目标

(1)编程目标：

(a)实现磁盘文件的拷贝操作。

(b)缓冲区类型对磁盘真正写入操作的影响。

(2)理解文件流操作以及缓冲区概念。

(3)掌握ansi c 文件流相关操作函数。

(4)理解与掌握目录流操作。

主要知识点

(1)流的基本原理及作用，与文件描述符的关系。标准输入输出流基本概念，文件流结构体。

(2)缓冲区类型以及缓冲区作用。如何修改缓冲区。setbuf,setvbuf

(3)文件流操作。

(4)流的效率与可移植性。

(5)目录流操作与编程。

课程内容

文件流概念

FILE *fp = fopen();

typedef struct _IO_FILE FILE;

struct _IO_FILE {

int _flags; /* High-order word is _IO_MAGIC; rest isflags. */

#define _IO_file_flags _flags

/* The following pointers correspond to the C++ streambufprotocol. */

/* Note: Tk uses the _IO_read_ptr and _IO_read_end fieldsdirectly. */

char* _IO_read_ptr; /* Current read pointer */

char* _IO_read_end; /* End of get area. */

char* _IO_read_base; /* Start of putback+get area. */

char* _IO_write_base; /* Start of put area. */

char* _IO_write_ptr; /* Current put pointer. */

char* _IO_write_end; /* End of put area. */

char* _IO_buf_base; /* Start of reserve area. */

char* _IO_buf_end; /* End of reserve area. */

/* The following fields are used to support backing upand undo. */

char *_IO_save_base; /* Pointer to start of non-currentget area. */

char *_IO_backup_base; /* Pointer to first validcharacter of backup area */

char *_IO_save_end; /* Pointer to end of non-current getarea. */

struct _IO_marker *_markers;

struct _IO_FILE *_chain;

int _fileno; //关联的文件描述符

#if 0

int _blksize;

#else

int _flags2;

#endif

_IO_off_t _old_offset; /* This used to be _offset butit's too small. */

#define __HAVE_COLUMN /* temporary */

/* 1+column number of pbase(); 0 is unknown. */

unsigned short _cur_column;

signed char _vtable_offset;

char _shortbuf[1];