数据库部分:
drop database if exists mydb;
create database mydb character set gbk;
--多级联动菜单
use mydb;
drop table if exists select_menu;
create table select_menu(
id varchar(255) not null default '',
text varchar(255) not null,
pid varchar(255) not null,
seq int(11) not null default 0,
primary key (id)
)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk;
insert into select_menu values('A1','列表A选项1','INIT',1);
insert into select_menu values('A2','列表A选项2','INIT',2);
insert into select_menu values('B11','列表B选项11','A1',1);
insert into select_menu values('B12','列表B选项12','A1',2);
insert into select_menu values('B13','列表B选项13','A1',3);
insert into select_menu values('B21','列表B选项21','A2',1);
insert into select_menu values('B22','列表B选项22','A2',2);
insert into select_menu values('C111','列表C选项111','B11',1);
insert into select_menu values('C112','列表C选项112','B11',2);
insert into select_menu values('C121','列表C选项121','B12',1);
insert into select_menu values('C122','列表C选项122','B12',2);
insert into select_menu values('C131','列表C选项131','B13',1);
insert into select_menu values('C132','列表C选项132','B13',2);
insert into select_menu values('C211','列表C选项211','B21',1);
insert into select_menu values('C212','列表C选项212','B21',2);
insert into select_menu values('C221','列表C选项221','B22',1);
insert into select_menu values('C222','列表C选项222','B22',2)
JDBC的Utils类:
package com.lanp.ajax.db;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
/**
* 连接数据库的工具类,被定义成不可继承且是私有访问
* @author lanp
* @since 2012-2-29 22:27
*/
public final class DBUtils {
private static String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:neusoft";
private static String user = "scott";
private static String psw = "tiger";
private static Connection conn;
static {
try {
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
private DBUtils() {
}
/**
* 获取数据库的连接
* @return conn
*/
public static Connection getConnection() {
try {
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, psw);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
return conn;
}
/**
* 释放资源
* @param conn
* @param pstmt
* @param rs
*/
public static void closeResources(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstmt,
ResultSet rs) {
if (null != rs) {
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
if (null != pstmt) {
try {
pstmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
if (null != conn) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
JSP后台:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ page language="java"%>
<%@ page import="java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import="com.lanp.ajax.db.DBUtils;"%>
<%!
//访问数据库取得下级选项信息
String getOptions(String selectedId) {
int counter = 0; //计数器
StringBuffer opts = new StringBuffer("{"); //保存选项信息
String sql = "select * from select_menu where pid = ? order by seq asc";//定义查询数据库的SQL语句
Connection conn = null; //声明Connection对象
PreparedStatement pstmt = null; //声明PreparedStatement对象
ResultSet rs = null; //声明ResultSet对象
try {
conn = DBUtils.getConnection(); //获取数据库连接
pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); //根据sql创建PreparedStatement
pstmt.setString(1, selectedId); //设置参数
rs = pstmt.executeQuery(); //执行查询,返回结果集
while (rs.next()) { //遍历结果集
//如果不是第一项,追加一个“,”用于分隔选项
if (counter > 0) {
opts.append(",");
}
opts.append("'");
opts.append(rs.getString("id"));
opts.append("':'");
opts.append(rs.getString("text"));
opts.append("'");
counter++; //计数器加1
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
} finally {
DBUtils.closeResources(conn,pstmt,rs);
}
opts.append("}");
return opts.toString();
}
%>
<%
out.clear(); //清空当前的输出内容(空格和换行符)
String selectedId = request.getParameter("selectedId"); //获取selectedId参数
String optionsInfo = getOptions(selectedId); //调用getOptions方法取得下级选项信息
out.print(optionsInfo); //输出下级选项信息
%>
Html前台:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>多级联动菜单</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var xmlHttp; //用于保存XMLHttpRequest对象的全局变量
var targetSelId; //用于保存要更新选项的列表id
var selArray; //用于保存级联菜单id的数组
//用于创建XMLHttpRequest对象
function createXmlHttp() {
//根据window.XMLHttpRequest对象是否存在使用不同的创建方式
if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {
xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); //FireFox、Opera等浏览器支持的创建方式
} else {
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");//IE浏览器支持的创建方式
}
}
//获取列表选项的调用函数
function buildSelect(selectedId, targetId) {
if (selectedId == "") { //selectedId为空串表示选中了默认项
clearSubSel(targetId); //清除目标列表及下级列表中的选项
return; //直接结束函数调用,不必向服务器请求信息
}
targetSelId = targetId; //将传入的目标列表id赋值给targetSelId变量
createXmlHttp(); //创建XmlHttpRequest对象
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = buildSelectCallBack; //设置回调函数
xmlHttp.open("GET", "select_menu.jsp?selectedId=" + selectedId, true);
xmlHttp.send(null);
}
//获取列表选项的回调函数
function buildSelectCallBack() {
if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4) {
var optionsInfo = eval("("+xmlHttp.responseText+")"); //将从服务器获得的文本转为对象直接量
var targetSelNode = document.getElementById(targetSelId);
clearSubSel(targetSelId); //清除目标列表中的选项
//遍历对象直接量中的成员
for (var o in optionsInfo) {
targetSelNode.appendChild(createOption(o, optionsInfo[o])); //在目标列表追加新的选项
}
}
}
//根据传入的value和text创建选项
function createOption(value, text) {
var opt = document.createElement("option"); //创建一个option节点
opt.setAttribute("value", value); //设置value
opt.appendChild(document.createTextNode(text)); //给节点加入文本信息
return opt;
}
//清除传入的列表节点内所有选项
function clearOptions(selNode) {
selNode.length = 1; //设置列表长度为1,仅保留默认选项
selNode.options[0].selected = true; //选中默认选项
}
//初始化列表数组(按等级)
function initSelArray() {
selArray = arguments; //arguments对象包含了传入的所有参数
}
//清除下级子列表选项
function clearSubSel(targetId) {
var canClear = false; //设置清除开关,初始值为假
for (var i=0; i<selArray.length; i++) { //遍历列表数组
if (selArray[i]==targetId) { //当遍历至目标列表时,打开清除开关
canClear = true;
}
if (canClear) { //从目标列表开始到最下级列表结束,开关始终保持打开
clearOptions(document.getElementById(selArray[i])); //清除该级列表选项
}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<!-- 页面加载完毕做两件事:1.初始化列表数组 2.为第一个列表赋值 -->
<body οnlοad="initSelArray('selA','selB','selC');buildSelect('INIT', 'selA')">
<h1>多级联动菜单</h1>
<table>
<tr>
<td>列表A</td>
<td>
<select name="selA" id="selA" οnchange="buildSelect(this.value, 'selB')">
<option value="" selected>------请选择------</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>列表B</td>
<td>
<select name="selB" id="selB" οnchange="buildSelect(this.value, 'selC')">
<option value="" selected>------请选择------</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>列表C</td>
<td>
<select name="selC" id="selC">
<option value="" selected>------请选择------</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>