windows 命令行参数解析编程，getopt的windows版本

windows 命令行参数解析编程

Linux系统下处理命令行参数的编程比较简单，使用getopt即可快速的处理。

windowds系统下，没有getopt函数处理命令行参数，但是可以对getopt的源码进行简单的修改即可在windows程序进行命令行参数处理。

示例如下：

// getopt.h

/* Declarations for getopt.
   Copyright (C) 1989-1994,1996-1999,2001,2003,2004,2009,2010
   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   This file is part of the GNU C Library.

   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
   Lesser General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
   Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
   02111-1307 USA.  */

#ifndef _GETOPT_H

#ifndef __need_getopt
#define _GETOPT_H 1
#endif

/* If __GNU_LIBRARY__ is not already defined, either we are being used
   standalone, or this is the first header included in the source file.
   If we are being used with glibc, we need to include <features.h>, but
   that does not exist if we are standalone.  So: if __GNU_LIBRARY__ is
   not defined, include <ctype.h>, which will pull in <features.h> for us
   if it's from glibc.  (Why ctype.h?  It's guaranteed to exist and it
   doesn't flood the namespace with stuff the way some other headers do.)  */
#if !defined __GNU_LIBRARY__
#include <ctype.h>
#endif

#ifndef __THROW
#ifndef __GNUC_PREREQ
#define __GNUC_PREREQ(maj, min) (0)
#endif
#if defined __cplusplus && __GNUC_PREREQ (2,8)
#define __THROW	throw ()
#else
#define __THROW
#endif
#endif

#ifdef	__cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/* For communication from `getopt' to the caller.
   When `getopt' finds an option that takes an argument,
   the argument value is returned here.
   Also, when `ordering' is RETURN_IN_ORDER,
   each non-option ARGV-element is returned here.  */

extern char *optarg;

/* Index in ARGV of the next element to be scanned.
   This is used for communication to and from the caller
   and for communication between successive calls to `getopt'.

   On entry to `getopt', zero means this is the first call; initialize.

   When `getopt' returns -1, this is the index of the first of the
   non-option elements that the caller should itself scan.

   Otherwise, `optind' communicates from one call to the next
   how much of ARGV has been scanned so far.  */

extern int optind;

/* Callers store zero here to inhibit the error message `getopt' prints
   for unrecognized options.  */

extern int opterr;

/* Set to an option character which was unrecognized.  */

extern int optopt;

#ifndef __need_getopt
/* Describe the long-named options requested by the application.
   The LONG_OPTIONS argument to getopt_long or getopt_long_only is a vector
   of `struct option' terminated by an element containing a name which is
   zero.

   The field `has_arg' is:
   no_argument		(or 0) if the option does not take an argument,
   required_argument	(or 1) if the option requires an argument,
   optional_argument 	(or 2) if the option takes an optional argument.

   If the field `flag' is not NULL, it points to a variable that is set
   to the value given in the field `val' when the option is found, but
   left unchanged if the option is not found.

   To have a long-named option do something other than set an `int' to
   a compiled-in constant, such as set a value from `optarg', set the
   option's `flag' field to zero and its `val' field to a nonzero
   value (the equivalent single-letter option character, if there is
   one).  For long options that have a zero `flag' field, `getopt'
   returns the contents of the `val' field.  */

struct option
{
  const char *name;
  /* has_arg can't be an enum because some compilers complain about
     type mismatches in all the code that assumes it is an int.  */
  int has_arg;
  int *flag;
  int val;
};

/* Names for the values of the `has_arg' field of `struct option'.  */

#define no_argument		0
#define required_argument	1
#define optional_argument	2
#endif	/* need getopt */


/* Get definitions and prototypes for functions to process the
   arguments in ARGV (ARGC of them, minus the program name) for
   options given in OPTS.

   Return the option character from OPTS just read.  Return -1 when
   there are no more options.  For unrecognized options, or options
   missing arguments, `optopt' is set to the option letter, and '?' is
   returned.

   The OPTS string is a list of characters which are recognized option
   letters, optionally followed by colons, specifying that that letter
   takes an argument, to be placed in `optarg'.

   If a letter in OPTS is followed by two colons, its argument is
   optional.  This behavior is specific to the GNU `getopt'.

   The argument `--' causes premature termination of argument
   scanning, explicitly telling `getopt' that there are no more
   options.

   If OPTS begins with `--', then non-option arguments are treated as
   arguments to the option '\0'.  This behavior is specific to the GNU
   `getopt'.  */

#ifdef __GNU_LIBRARY__
/* Many other libraries have conflicting prototypes for getopt, with
   differences in the consts, in stdlib.h.  To avoid compilation
   errors, only prototype getopt for the GNU C library.  */
extern int getopt (int ___argc, char *const *___argv, const char *__shortopts)
       __THROW;

#if defined __need_getopt && defined __USE_POSIX2 \
  && !defined __USE_POSIX_IMPLICITLY && !defined __USE_GNU
/* The GNU getopt has more functionality than the standard version.  The
   additional functionality can be disable at runtime.  This redirection
   helps to also do this at runtime.  */
#ifdef __REDIRECT
  extern int __REDIRECT_NTH (getopt, (int ___argc, char *const *___argv,
				      const char *__shortopts),
			     __posix_getopt);
#else
extern int __posix_getopt (int ___argc, char *const *___argv,
			   const char *__shortopts) __THROW;
#define getopt __posix_getopt
#endif
#endif
#else /* not __GNU_LIBRARY__ */
extern int getopt ();
#endif /* __GNU_LIBRARY__ */

#ifndef __need_getopt
extern int getopt_long (int ___argc, char *const *___argv,
			const char *__shortopts,
		        const struct option *__longopts, int *__longind)
       __THROW;
extern int getopt_long_only (int ___argc, char *const *___argv,
			     const char *__shortopts,
		             const struct option *__longopts, int *__longind)
       __THROW;

#endif

#ifdef	__cplusplus
}
#endif

/* Make sure we later can get all the definitions and declarations.  */
#undef __need_getopt

#endif /* getopt.h */

// get_opt.c

/* Getopt for GNU.
NOTE: getopt is now part of the C library, so if you don't know what
"Keep this file name-space clean" means, talk to drepper@gnu.org
before changing it!
Copyright (C) 1987,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,98,99,2000,2001
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU C Library.

The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
02111-1307 USA.  */

/* This tells Alpha OSF/1 not to define a getopt prototype in <stdio.h>.
Ditto for AIX 3.2 and <stdlib.h>.  */
#ifndef _NO_PROTO
# define _NO_PROTO
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
# include <config.h>
#endif

#if !defined __STDC__ || !__STDC__
/* This is a separate conditional since some stdc systems
reject `defined (const)'.  */
# ifndef const
#  define const
# endif
#endif

#include <stdio.h>

/* Comment out all this code if we are using the GNU C Library, and are not
actually compiling the library itself.  This code is part of the GNU C
Library, but also included in many other GNU distributions.  Compiling
and linking in this code is a waste when using the GNU C library
(especially if it is a shared library).  Rather than having every GNU
program understand `configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object files,
it is simpler to just do t