spring boot 配置篇

2. spring boot 配置

2.1 spring boot 全局配置文件

• application.properties
• application.yml

配置的作用：修改spring boot 自动配置的默认值

YAML（YAML Ain’t Markup Language）：yml是YAML语言的配置文件，以数据为中心，比json、xml等更适合做配置文件

示例：修改项目端口

properties：

server.port=8089

yml：

server:
  port: 8089

2.2 YAML语法

2.2.1 基本语法

K:(空格)V : 空格必须有，表示一个键值对；以空格的缩进来控制层级关系；左对齐的数据都为同一级的；

属性和值也大小写敏感的；

2.2.2值的写法

• 字面量：普通的值（字符串、数字、布尔值）

  K:V：字面直接来写，字符串默认不用加上双引号或者单引号；

  ""：双引号，不会转义字符串里的特殊字符，特殊字符就表示自身想要表示的意思；

  name: "lili \n tom" 
  输出为：
       lili
       tom
  

  ’’：单引号，会转义字符串里的特殊字符，特殊字符最终只是一个普通的字符串数据；

  name: 'lili \n tom'
  输出为：
  	lili \n tom
  

• 对象、Map(属性和值)（键值对）

  仍为K:V的方式，在下一行写对象的属性和值，注意缩进；

  car:
    price: 100
    total: 20
    name: 奔驰
  

  行内写法：

  car: {price: 100,total: 20,name: 奔驰}
  

• 数组（List、Set）

  使用- 值来表示数组中的一个元素

  pets:
    - dog
    - pig
    - cat
  

  行内写法：

  pets: [dog,pig,cat]
  

2.3配置文件的映射

2.3.1 给类添加注解

package com.hq.springboot.model;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Date birth;

    private Car car;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public Car getCar() {
        return car;
    }

    public void setCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                ", car=" + car +
                '}';
    }
}

使用**@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = “person”)** 注解使类中的所有属性与配置文件中的相关配置进行绑定；

prefix = “person”：表示使配置文件哪个下面的所有属性一一映射；

@Component：spring 的注解，表示该类是容器的一个组件，只有这个组件是容器中的组件，才能是容器提供@ConfigurationProperties的功能；

若不用ConfigurationProperties注解，也可以使用 @Value注解一个一个的导入：

@Component
//@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
    @Value("$(person.name)")
    private String name;
    @Value("${person.age}")
    private int age;
    @Value("${person.birth}")
    private Date birth;

2.3.2 配置文件添加配置

application.yml文件中添加类属性相关的配置：

person:
  name: hq
  age: 25
  birth: 2020/01/04
  car:
    name: 奔驰
    price: 1000000

同样在也可以配置在application.properties文件中：

person.name=hq
person.age=25
person.birth=2020/01/04
person.car.name=奔驰
person.car.price=1000000

2.3.3 导入配置文件处理器

pom.xml文件中添加@ConfigurationProperties注解所需的处理器：

<!--导入处理文件处理器，配置文件进行绑定就会有提示-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

2.3.4 测试类测试

package com.hq.springboot;

import ch.qos.logback.core.net.SyslogOutputStream;
import com.hq.springboot.model.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
class SpringBootQuickApplicationTests {
	@Autowired
	Person person;
	@Test
	void contextLoads() {
		System.out.println(person);
	}

}

运行测试类，打印出类属性与配置文件绑定后的结果：

Person{name=‘hq’, age=25, birth=Sat Jan 04 00:00:00 CST 2020, car=Car{name=‘奔驰’, price=1000000.0}}

2.3.5 @ConfigurationProperties与@Value区别

	@ConfigurationProperties	@Value
功能	批量注入配置文件中的属性	一个个
松散绑定（松散语法）	支持	不支持
SpEL	不支持	支持
JSR303数据检验	支持	不支持
复杂类型	支持	不支持

JSR303数据校验：可以通过@Validated注解进行数据检验，在属性上添加注解@Email，表示要检验的规则：

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Validated
public class Person {
    //@Value("$(person.name)")
    @Email
    private String name;
    //@Value("${person.age}")
    private int age;
    //@Value("${person.birth}")
    private Date birth;

表示name属性必须使邮箱的格式，否则数据绑定失败，无法获取到配置文件中的数据，若用@Value注解的方式则不能使用JSR303数据校验，如下代码能数据绑定成功，起不到数据校验的作用：

@Component
//@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Validated
public class Person {
    @Value("$(person.name)")
    @Email
    private String name;
    //@Value("${person.age}")
    private int age;
    //@Value("${person.birth}")
    private Date birth;

总结：

​ 如果说，我们只是在某个业务逻辑中需要获取一下配置文件中的某项值，使用@Value；

​ 如果说，我们专门编写了一个javaBean来和配置文件进行映射，使用@ConfigurationProperties；

2.3.6 @PropertySource 和@ImportResource

@PropertySource：加载指定的配置文件

@Component
//@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:person.properties"})
public class Person {
    //@Value("$(person.name)")
    private String name;
    //@Value("${person.age}")
    private int age;
    //@Value("${person.birth}")
    private Date birth;

@ImportResource：导入spring的配置文件，是配置文件里的内容生效

在主类上加上你要生效的配置文件：

@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:spring.xml"})
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootQuickApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBootQuickApplication.class, args);
    }

}

2.3.7 spring boot 推荐添加组件的方式

使用 @Bean给spring boot添加组件：

package com.hq.springboot.config;

import com.hq.springboot.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MyConfig {
    //将方法的返回值添加到容器中，容器中这个组件默认的id就是方法名
    @Bean
    public HelloService helloService(){
        return new HelloService();
    }
}

2.4 Profile

2.4.1 多profile 文件

为了方便开发，切换不同的环境的配置文件，使用application-{profile}.properties多文件的方式，示例：

application-dev.properties：开发配置文件

application-prod.properties：生产配置文件

默认使用application.properties配置文件；

2.4.2 激活Profile文件

1. 在application.properties配置文件中添加 spring.profiles.active=dev，表示激活application-dev.properties的配置文件，使该配置文件中的配置生效；

2. 使用命令行的方式：–spring.profiles.active=dev

3. 虚拟机参数配置：-Dspring.profiles.active=dev

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2.4.3 yml支持多文档块模式

server:
  port: 8089
spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

---
server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  profiles: dev


---
server:
  port: 8082
spring:
  profiles: prod

使用—来区分块，通过active来激活对应的配置块；

2.5 配置文件加载位置

• file:./config/ 当前项目根目录下的config文件下

• file:./ 点前项目的根目录下

• classpath:/config/ 当前项目的类路径下的config文件下

• classpath:/ 当前项目的类路径下
  
  以上按照优先级从高到低的顺序，所有位置的文件都会被加载，高优先级配置内容会覆盖低优先级配置的内容，可以通过配置spring.config.location来改变默认配置；

spring boot 会从这四个配置文件中加载配置，会形成互补配置；

2.6 自动配置原理

2.6.1 自动配置原理

1. spring boot启动的时候加载主配置类，开启了自动配置功能@EnableAutoConfiguration

   @SpringBootApplication
   public class SpringBootQuickApplication {
   
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           SpringApplication.run(SpringBootQuickApplication.class, args);
       }
   
   }
   
   
   @Target({ElementType.TYPE})
   @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
   @Documented
   @Inherited
   @SpringBootConfiguration
   @EnableAutoConfiguration
   @ComponentScan(
       excludeFilters = {@Filter(
       type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
       classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
   ), @Filter(
       type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
       classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
   )}
   )
   public @interface SpringBootApplication {
   

2. @EnableAutoConfiguration的作用：利用AutoConfigurationImportSelector给容器导入一些组件

   可以查看selectImports()方法的内容：

    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
           if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
               return NO_IMPORTS;
           } else {
               AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
               AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata, annotationMetadata);
               return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
           }
       }
   
   
   点击this.getAutoConfigurationEntry：
   
   protected AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata, AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
           if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
               return EMPTY_ENTRY;
           } else {
               AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
               List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
               configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);
               Set<String> exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
               this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
               configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
               configurations = this.filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
               this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
               return new AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
           }
       }
   

   查看List configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);代码；

   protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
           List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader());
           Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
           return configurations;
       }
   
   

   SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()：扫描所有jar包类路径下 META-INF/spring.factories，把扫描到的这些文件的内容包装成properties对象，从properties中获取到EnableAutoConfiguration.class类（类名）对应的值，然后把他们添加到容器中；

   将类路径下META-INF/spring.factories里面配置的所有EnableAutoConfiguration的值添加到容器中

   # Auto Configure
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudServiceConnectorsAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveRestClientAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jdbc.JdbcRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.jest.JestAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.rest.RestClientAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.codec.CodecsAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.influx.InfluxDbAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jsonb.JsonbAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.quartz.QuartzAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketRequesterAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketServerAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketStrategiesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveSecurityAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveUserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.rsocket.RSocketSecurityAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.saml2.Saml2RelyingPartyAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.servlet.OAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.servlet.OAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskSchedulingAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client.RestTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.embedded.EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.HttpHandlerAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.ReactiveWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.WebFluxAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebFluxAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.ClientHttpConnectorAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.reactive.WebSocketReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketServletAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.client.WebServiceTemplateAutoConfiguration
   
   # Failure analyzers
   org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzer=\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.diagnostics.analyzer.NoSuchBeanDefinitionFailureAnalyzer,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayMigrationScriptMissingFailureAnalyzer,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceBeanCreationFailureAnalyzer,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.HikariDriverConfigurationFailureAnalyzer,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.NonUniqueSessionRepositoryFailureAnalyzer
   
   # Template availability providers
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.template.TemplateAvailabilityProvider=\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\
   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.JspTemplateAvailabilityProvider
   

   每一个这样的xxxAutoConfiguration类都是容器中的一个组件，都加入到容器中；用他们来做自动配置；

3. 每一个配置类进行自动配置功能

   • 以HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration为例：

   @Configuration  //表示是一个配置类，可以给容器添加组件
   @EnableConfigurationProperties({HttpProperties.class})//启动指定类的ConfigurationProperties功能；将配置文件中对应的值和HttpProperties绑定起来了
   @ConditionalOnWebApplication(
       type = Type.SERVLET
   )//spring底层的@Configuration注解，根据不同的条件，如果满足指定的条件，整个配置类里的配置就会生生效，这里就是判断当前应用是否是web应用，如果是，当前配置生效
   @ConditionalOnClass({CharacterEncodingFilter.class})//判断当前项目有没有这个类，CharacterEncodingFilter是springMVC中进行乱码解决的过滤器
   @ConditionalOnProperty(
       prefix = "spring.http.encoding",
       value = {"enabled"},
       matchIfMissing = true
   )//判断配置文件中是否存在某个配置，matchIfMissing = true：如果不存在，条件也是成立的
   public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {
   

   总结：

• spring boot启动时会加载大量的自动配置类
• 我们看我们需要的功能有没有spring boot 默认写好的自动配置类
• 再看这些自动配置类中到底配置了那些组件（只要我们要用的组件有，我们就不需要再来配置了）
• 给容器中自动配置类添加组件的时候，会从properties类中获取某些属性，我们就可以在配置文件中指定这些属性