Java多线程解决哲学家就餐问题

问题描述：假设有五位哲学家围坐在一张圆形餐桌旁，做以下两件事情之一：吃饭，或者思考。吃东西的时候，他们就停止思考，思考的时候也停止吃东西。餐桌中间有一大碗米饭，每两个哲学家之间有一只筷子。假设哲学家必须用两只筷子吃东西。他们只能使用自己左右手边的那两只筷子。哲学家从来不交谈，这就很危险，可能产生死锁，每个哲学家都拿着左手的餐叉，永远都在等右边的餐叉（或者相反）。

最笨的解决办法：只当哲学家发现左右两边的筷子都可用时，才拿起筷子，否则等待。哲学家编号及筷子编号如下图所示，哲学家i左手边的筷子编号为(i+1)%5，右手边的筷子编号为i。

Chopstick.java

package com.oracle.test6;

public class Chopstick {
	public boolean[] isUsing=new boolean[5];
	public synchronized void takeChopsticks(int index){
		while(isUsing[index]||isUsing[(index+1)%5]){
			try {
				wait();
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		isUsing[index]=true;
		isUsing[(index+1)%5]=true;
		System.out.println("哲学家"+index+"拿起筷子");
	}
	public synchronized void putChopsticks(int index){
		isUsing[index]=false;
		isUsing[(index+1)%5]=false;
		System.out.println("哲学家"+index+"放下筷子");
		notify();
	}
}

Philosopher.java

package com.oracle.test6;

public class Philosopher implements Runnable{
	private int index;
	public static Chopstick chop=new Chopstick();
	
	public Philosopher(int index) {
		this.index = index;
	}
	public synchronized void thinking(){
		System.out.println("哲学家"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"在思考");
		try {
			Thread.sleep(500);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	public synchronized void eating(){
		System.out.println("哲学家"+index+"在吃饭");
		try {
			Thread.sleep(500);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		while(true){
			thinking();
			chop.takeChopsticks(index);
			eating();
			chop.putChopsticks(index);
		}
	}
}

Test.java

package com.oracle.test6;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Philosopher p1=new Philosopher(0);
		Philosopher p2=new Philosopher(1);
		Philosopher p3=new Philosopher(2);
		Philosopher p4=new Philosopher(3);
		Philosopher p5=new Philosopher(4);
		new Thread(p1,"0").start();
		new Thread(p2,"1").start();
		new Thread(p3,"2").start();
		new Thread(p4,"3").start();
		new Thread(p5,"4").start();
	}
}