array底层就是一个定长数组,给定长数组加上迭代器相关的东西,就可以让他像一个容器,符合容器的性质。
#define _NOEXCEPT noexcept
template<class _Tp, size_t _Size>
struct array {
// types:
typedef _Tp value_type;
typedef value_type &reference;
typedef value_type *pointer;
typedef value_type *iterator;
typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
typedef size_t size_type;
_Tp __elems_[_Size];
const value_type *data() const _NOEXCEPT { return __elems_; }
// iterators:
iterator begin() _NOEXCEPT { return iterator(data()); }
iterator end() _NOEXCEPT { return iterator(data() + _Size); }
reference operator[](size_type __n) _NOEXCEPT { return __elems_[__n]; }
reference at(size_type __n);
}
template<class _Tp, size_t _Size>
typename array<_Tp, _Size>::reference
array<_Tp, _Size>::at(size_type __n) {
if (__n >= _Size)
__throw_out_of_range("array::at");
return __elems_[__n];
}
偏特化版本:(对size为0情况进行处理)
template<class _Tp>
struct array<_Tp, 0> {
// types:
typedef _Tp value_type;
typedef value_type &reference;
typedef value_type *iterator;
typedef value_type *pointer;
typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
typedef size_t size_type;
typedef typename conditional<is_const<_Tp>::value, const char,
char>::type _CharType;
struct _ArrayInStructT {
_Tp __data_[1];
};
_ALIGNAS_TYPE(_ArrayInStructT)
_CharType __elems_[sizeof(_ArrayInStructT)];
value_type *data() _NOEXCEPT { return reinterpret_cast<value_type *>(__elems_); }
}