JavaWeb：实现登陆相应界面

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已于 2022-10-18 23:32:46 修改

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文章标签： servlet java 前端

于 2022-10-17 22:05:50 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/hssjsh/article/details/127378104

版权

本文展示了如何使用JSP、Servlet和用户类实现一个简单的Java Web登录系统。用户通过表单提交用户名和密码，Servlet进行验证，登录成功后使用HttpSession存储用户信息并重定向到展示界面，展示界面上提供退出登录功能，清除用户会话信息。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

首先需要一个表单提交的JSP页面，或者HTML页面也行，这个界面要放在你的Web目录下才可以被识别到，并可以正常的访问，不要和Servlet一样放在src目录下

也不是不可以，但是访问的时候会有诸多麻烦，不如直接放在Web目录下

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2022/10/17
  Time: 19:35
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登陆界面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="<c:url value="/LoginServlet"/>">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>用户名：</td><td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>密码：</td><td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
        </tr>
    </table>
    <button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>

然后是一个封装了用户信息的用户类

package Semester_3.Login;

public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String username, String password) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
}

一个进行登录验证逻辑的Servlet类

package Semester_3.Login;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet(name = "LoginServlet" , value = "/LoginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        if(username.equals("张三") && password.equals("123")){
            User user = new User();
            user.setPassword(password);
            user.setUsername(username);
            HttpSession session = req.getSession();
            session.setAttribute("User",user);
            resp.sendRedirect("/indexServlet");
        }else {
            resp.getWriter().write("密码错误，登陆失败！"+"<br>");
            resp.getWriter().write("<a href='/Login.jsp'>登录</a>");

        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(req,resp);
    }
}

一个用来进行登陆后的展示界的Servlet类

package Semester_3.Login;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet(name = "indexServlet" , value = "/indexServlet")
public class indexServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        User user = (User) session.getAttribute("User");
        if(user == null){
            resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
            resp.getWriter().write("您还没有登录，请<a href='/Login.jsp'>登录</a>");
        }else {
            resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
            resp.getWriter().write("您好，"+user.getUsername()+"!"+"<br>");
            resp.getWriter().write("<a href='/LoginOutServlet'>退出</a>");
            Cookie cookie = new Cookie("JSESSIONID",session.getId());
            cookie.setMaxAge(60*30);
            cookie.setPath("/*");
            resp.addCookie(cookie);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(req,resp);
    }
}

一个用来将用户登陆信息清除的退出登录类

package Semester_3.Login;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet(name = "LoginOutServlet" , value = "/LoginOutServlet")
public class LoginOutServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        session.removeAttribute("User");
        resp.sendRedirect("/indexServlet");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(req,resp);
    }
}

具体实现

类的介绍

indexServle

indexServlet类用来展示登陆后的界面，或提示没有登陆

LoginServlet

用来判断输入的用户名和密码是否正确，如果正确转发到显示界面，如果错误，则直接输出错误信息到网页

User

用来格式化存储用户信息

LoginOutServlet

用来将用户信息删除并退出登录状态

一个包含了表单的jsp文件，用来将用户输入的信息传递到Servlet中进行逻辑操作

具体实现

当用户在表单信息中提交登录的相关信息后，会进入到LoginServlet中进行判断，如果信息正确，则重定向到对应的展示界面，并将用户的输入的信息存储到用户类中进行格式化存储，并将信息传递到一个Cookie中如果错误，则输出错误信息，登陆成功后，如果选择退出登录，则将用户信息删除，并重定向到用户登录界面