C++三种类型new运算符使用

1.new operator，平时用的最多的new操作符，其对应delete operator，不能被重载，其包含两个操作（既申请空间，又调用构造函数）
（1）使用::operator new申请内存
（2）调用类的构造函数

class CTestUse
{
public:
    CTestUse() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }
    virtual ~CTestUse() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }

private:
};

void test()
{
    string *pStr = new string("new operator");
    cout << *pStr << endl;
    delete pStr;

    CTestUse *pCase = new CTestUse;
    delete pCase;
}


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    test();

    return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

2.::operator new，只会申请空间，不会调用构造函数，可以被重载，其对应 ::operator delete （只申请空间）
2.1原始调用

class CTestUse1
{
public:
    CTestUse1() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }
    virtual ~CTestUse1() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }
    void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }

private:
};


void test1()
{
    CTestUse1 *pCase = (CTestUse1 *)::operator new (sizeof(CTestUse1));
    pCase->show();
    ::operator delete(pCase);

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    test1();

    return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

2.2重载1

class CTestUse2
{
public:
    CTestUse2() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }
    virtual ~CTestUse2() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }
    void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }

    void* operator new(size_t size) {
        cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;
        return ::operator new(size);
    }

    void operator delete(void* ptr) {
        cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;
        ::operator delete(ptr);
    }

private:
};

void test2()
{
    CTestUse2 *pCase = new CTestUse2;
    pCase->show();
    delete pCase;

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    test2();

    return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

 
2.3重载2

class CTestUse3
{
public:
    CTestUse3() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }
    virtual ~CTestUse3() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }
    void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }

    void* operator new(size_t size, string str) {
        cout << __FUNCTION__ << str << endl;
        return ::operator new(size);
    }

    void operator delete(void* ptr) {
        cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;
        ::operator delete(ptr);
    }

private:
};

void test3()
{
    CTestUse3 *pCase = new ("heshiyang") CTestUse3;
    pCase->show();
    delete pCase;

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    test3();

    return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

 

3.place new在已经构建好的内存中创建对象，其只会返回已经申请好的内存指针，多用在高性能场景下，提前申请好内存，可以节省申请内存开消 （只调用构造函数）

class CTestUse4
{
public:
    CTestUse4() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }
    virtual ~CTestUse4() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }
    void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }

    void* operator new(size_t size, void* p) {
        cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;
        return p;
    }

    void operator delete(void* ptr) {
        cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;
        ::operator delete(ptr);
    }

private:
};

void test4()
{
    char* pChar = new char[sizeof(CTestUse4)];
    CTestUse4* pCase = new (pChar) CTestUse4; //调用全局::new (pChar) CTestUse4，new (pChar) CTestUse4调用重载new
    //delete pCase;
    pCase->~CTestUse4();
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    test4();

    return 0;
}

运行结果如下：