mysql group by 组内排序方法

分享一下我老师大神的人工智能教程!零基础,通俗易懂!http://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunshow

也欢迎大家转载本篇文章。分享知识,造福人民,实现我们中华民族伟大复兴!

                       

mysql的group by语法可以根据指定的规则对数据进行分组,分组就是将一个数据集划分成若干个小区域,然后再针对若干个小区域进行数据处理。本文将介绍mysql使用group by分组时,实现组内排序的方法。

mysql的group by语法可以对数据进行分组,但是分组后的数据并不能进行组内排序。


例如一个评论表有多个用户评论,需要获取每个用户最后评论的内容。

创建测试数据表及数据

CREATE TABLE `comment``id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  `user_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL`content` varchar(200) NOT NULL`addtime` datetime NOT NULL`lastmodify` datetime NOT NULLPRIMARY KEY (`id`),  KEY `user_id` (`user_id`),  KEY `addtime` (`addtime`),  KEY `uid_addtime` (`user_id`,`addtime`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;INSERT INTO `comment` (`id`, `user_id`, `content`, `addtime`, `lastmodify`) VALUES(1, 1, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:00', '2017-05-17 00:00:00'),(2, 1, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:01', '2017-05-17 00:00:01'),(3, 2, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:02', '2017-05-17 00:00:02'),(4, 2, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:03', '2017-05-17 00:00:03'),(5, 3, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:04', '2017-05-17 00:00:04'),(6, 1, '评论3', '2017-05-17 00:00:05', '2017-05-17 00:00:05'),(7, 4, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:06', '2017-05-17 00:00:06'),(8, 4, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:07', '2017-05-17 00:00:07'),(9, 4, '评论3', '2017-05-17 00:00:08', '2017-05-17 00:00:08'),(10, 4, '评论4', '2017-05-17 00:00:09', '2017-05-17 00:00:09'),(11, 3, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:10', '2017-05-17 00:00:10');select * from comment;+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+| id | user_id | content | addtime             | lastmodify          |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+|  1 |       1 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 ||  2 |       1 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:00:01 | 2017-05-17 00:00:01 ||  3 |       2 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:02 | 2017-05-17 00:00:02 ||  4 |       2 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:00:03 | 2017-05-17 00:00:03 ||  5 |       3 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:04 | 2017-05-17 00:00:04 ||  6 |       1 | 评论3   | 2017-05-17 00:00:05 | 2017-05-17 00:00:05 ||  7 |       4 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 ||  8 |       4 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:00:07 | 2017-05-17 00:00:07 ||  9 |       4 | 评论3   | 2017-05-17 00:00:08 | 2017-05-17 00:00:08 || 10 |       4 | 评论4   | 2017-05-17 00:00:09 | 2017-05-17 00:00:09 || 11 |       3 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:00:10 | 2017-05-17 00:00:10 |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+
  
  
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 6
  • 7
  • 8
  • 9
  • 10
  • 11
  • 12
  • 13
  • 14
  • 15
  • 16
  • 17
  • 18
  • 19
  • 20
  • 21
  • 22
  • 23
  • 24
  • 25
  • 26
  • 27
  • 28
  • 29
  • 30
  • 31
  • 32
  • 33
  • 34
  • 35
  • 36
  • 37
  • 38
  • 39
  • 40
  • 41

在comment表中,每个用户最后评论的内容就是id为6,4,11,10的记录。

使用group by查询

select * from comment group by user_id;+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+| id | user_id | content | addtime             | lastmodify          |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+|  1 |       1 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 ||  3 |       2 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:02 | 2017-05-17 00:00:02 ||  5 |       3 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:04 | 2017-05-17 00:00:04 ||  7 |       4 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+
  
  
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 6
  • 7
  • 8
  • 9

可以看到结果,分组后只会返回分组内的第一条数据。因为group by语法没有进行组内排序的功能,只会按mysql默认的排序显示。


如何才能对group by分组内的数据进行排序了,这个需要根据不同的需求处理。


1.id最大的,评论时间肯定最新

这种情况我们可以使用id代替时间去搜寻并组内排序,使用max(id)就可以获取到每个分组中最大的评论id(即最新的评论)

select * from comment where id in(select max(id) from comment group by user_id) order by user_id;+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+| id | user_id | content | addtime             | lastmodify          |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+|  6 |       1 | 评论3   | 2017-05-17 00:00:05 | 2017-05-17 00:00:05 ||  4 |       2 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:00:03 | 2017-05-17 00:00:03 || 11 |       3 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:00:10 | 2017-05-17 00:00:10 || 10 |       4 | 评论4   | 2017-05-17 00:00:09 | 2017-05-17 00:00:09 |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+
  
  
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 6
  • 7
  • 8
  • 9



2.id与评论时间没有关系,id大的评论时间可能不是最新

这种情况我们就需要使用max(addtime)来获取最新的评论,但因为不同用户的评论时间有可能相同,因此还需要加多user_id这个条件去查询。

重新创建测试数据

truncate table comment;INSERT INTO `comment` (`id`, `user_id`, `content`, `addtime`, `lastmodify`) VALUES(1, 1, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:00', '2017-05-17 00:00:00'),(2, 1, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:10:01', '2017-05-17 00:10:01'),(3, 2, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:10:02', '2017-05-17 00:10:02'),(4, 2, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:03', '2017-05-17 00:00:03'),(5, 3, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:10:04', '2017-05-17 00:10:04'),(6, 1, '评论3', '2017-05-17 00:00:05', '2017-05-17 00:00:05'),(7, 4, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:06', '2017-05-17 00:00:06'),(8, 4, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:10:07', '2017-05-17 00:10:07'),(9, 4, '评论3', '2017-05-17 00:00:08', '2017-05-17 00:00:08'),(10, 4, '评论4', '2017-05-17 00:00:09', '2017-05-17 00:00:09'),(11, 3, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:10', '2017-05-17 00:00:10');select * from comment;+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+| id | user_id | content | addtime             | lastmodify          |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+|  1 |       1 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 ||  2 |       1 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:10:01 | 2017-05-17 00:10:01 ||  3 |       2 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:10:02 | 2017-05-17 00:10:02 ||  4 |       2 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:00:03 | 2017-05-17 00:00:03 ||  5 |       3 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:10:04 | 2017-05-17 00:10:04 ||  6 |       1 | 评论3   | 2017-05-17 00:00:05 | 2017-05-17 00:00:05 ||  7 |       4 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 ||  8 |       4 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:10:07 | 2017-05-17 00:10:07 ||  9 |       4 | 评论3   | 2017-05-17 00:00:08 | 2017-05-17 00:00:08 || 10 |       4 | 评论4   | 2017-05-17 00:00:09 | 2017-05-17 00:00:09 || 11 |       3 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:00:10 | 2017-05-17 00:00:10 |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+
  
  
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 6
  • 7
  • 8
  • 9
  • 10
  • 11
  • 12
  • 13
  • 14
  • 15
  • 16
  • 17
  • 18
  • 19
  • 20
  • 21
  • 22
  • 23
  • 24
  • 25
  • 26
  • 27
  • 28
  • 29
  • 30
  • 31

符合条件的应该是id为2,3,5,8的记录

select a.* from comment as a right join (select user_id, max(addtime) as maxtime from comment where user_id is not null group by user_id) as b on a.user_id=b.user_id and a.addtime=b.maxtime order by a.user_id asc;+------+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+| id   | user_id | content | addtime             | lastmodify          |+------+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+|    2 |       1 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:10:01 | 2017-05-17 00:10:01 ||    3 |       2 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:10:02 | 2017-05-17 00:10:02 ||    5 |       3 | 评论1   | 2017-05-17 00:10:04 | 2017-05-17 00:10:04 ||    8 |       4 | 评论2   | 2017-05-17 00:10:07 | 2017-05-17 00:10:07 |+------+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+
  
  
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 6
  • 7
  • 8
  • 9
  • 10
  • 11
  • 12

使用right join可以减少外层的数据集。
where user_id is not null 可以使group by user_id时使用索引。

           

给我老师的人工智能教程打call!http://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunshow
这里写图片描述
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值