使用php作为后台运行程序(例如短信群发),在cli模式下执行php,php需要连接mysql循环执行数据库处理。
当mysql连接闪断时,之后循环的执行将会失败。
我们需要设计一个方法,当mysql闪断时,可以自动重新连接,使后面的程序可以正常执行下去。
1.创建测试数据表
CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
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2.插入测试数据
insert into user(name) values('fdipzone'),('xfdipzone'),('terry');mysql> select * from user;+----+-----------+| id | name |+----+-----------+| 1 | fdipzone || 2 | xfdipzone || 3 | terry |+----+-----------+
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3.后台运行的php文件
db.php
<?php// 数据库操作类class DB{ // 保存数据库连接 private static $_instance = null; // 连接数据库 public static function get_conn($config){ if(isset(self::$_instance) && !empty(self::$_instance)){ return self::$_instance; } $dbhost = $config['host']; $dbname = $config['dbname']; $dbuser = $config['user']; $dbpasswd = $config['password']; $pconnect = $config['pconnect']; $charset = $config['charset']; $dsn = "mysql:host=$dbhost;dbname=$dbname;"; try { $h_param = array( PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, ); if ($charset != '') { $h_param[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND] = 'SET NAMES ' . $charset; //設置默認編碼 } if ($pconnect) { $h_param[PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT] = true; } $conn = new PDO($dsn, $dbuser, $dbpasswd, $h_param); } catch (PDOException $e) { throw new ErrorException('Unable to connect to db server. Error:' . $e->getMessage(), 31); } self::$_instance = $conn; return $conn; } // 执行查询 public static function query($dbconn, $sqlstr, $condparam){ $sth = $dbconn->prepare($sqlstr); try{ $sth->execute($condparam); } catch (PDOException $e) { echo $e->getMessage().PHP_EOL; } $result = $sth->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); return $result; }}?>
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test.php
<?phprequire 'db.php';// 数据库设定$config = array( 'host' => 'localhost', 'dbname' => 'user', 'user' => 'root', 'password' => '', 'pconnect' => 0, 'charset' => '');// 循环执行while(true){ // 创建数据连接 $dbconn = DB::get_conn($config); // 执行查询 $sqlstr = 'select * from user where id=?'; $condparam = array(mt_rand(1,3)); $data = DB::query($dbconn, $sqlstr, $condparam); print_r($data); // 延时10秒 echo 'sleep 10'.PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; sleep(10);}?>
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4.执行步骤
在php cli模式下执行test.php,然后马上执行mysql.server stop 与 mysql.server start 模拟闪断
mysql.server stopShutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! mysql.server startStarting MySQL SUCCESS!
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可以看到,闪断后不能重新连接数据库,后面的程序不能执行下去。
Array( [0] => Array ( [id] => 3 [name] => terry ))sleep 10SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 2006 MySQL server has gone awayArray()sleep 10SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 2006 MySQL server has gone awayArray()sleep 10...
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5.增加重连机制
if(isset(self::$_instance) && !empty(self::$_instance)){ return self::$_instance;}
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闪断后,因为 self::$_instance 的值存在,因此调用get_conn并不会重新连接,而是使用保存的连接进行处理。
这样实际上是当连接存在时,不需要再次创建mysql连接,减少mysql连接数。
所以需要在闪断后,清空self::$_instance的值,使下次重新获取连接,而不使用已经创建但失效的数据库连接。
改进方法如下:
增加reset_connect方法,当出现错误时调用。如果判断错误是MySQL server has gone away则清空已经存在的数据库连接,清空后下次则会重新连接mysql。
修改后的php文件如下:
db.php
<?php// 数据库操作类class DB{ // 保存数据库连接 private static $_instance = null; // 连接数据库 public static function get_conn($config){ if(isset(self::$_instance) && !empty(self::$_instance)){ return self::$_instance; } $dbhost = $config['host']; $dbname = $config['dbname']; $dbuser = $config['user']; $dbpasswd = $config['password']; $pconnect = $config['pconnect']; $charset = $config['charset']; $dsn = "mysql:host=$dbhost;dbname=$dbname;"; try { $h_param = array( PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, ); if ($charset != '') { $h_param[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND] = 'SET NAMES ' . $charset; //設置默認編碼 } if ($pconnect) { $h_param[PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT] = true; } $conn = new PDO($dsn, $dbuser, $dbpasswd, $h_param); } catch (PDOException $e) { throw new ErrorException('Unable to connect to db server. Error:' . $e->getMessage(), 31); } self::$_instance = $conn; return $conn; } // 执行查询 public static function query($dbconn, $sqlstr, $condparam){ $sth = $dbconn->prepare($sqlstr); try{ $sth->execute($condparam); } catch (PDOException $e) { echo $e->getMessage().PHP_EOL; self::reset_connect($e->getMessage()); // 出错时调用重置连接 } $result = $sth->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); return $result; } // 重置连接 public static function reset_connect($err_msg){ if(strpos($err_msg, 'MySQL server has gone away')!==false){ self::$_instance = null; } }}?>
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6.再次进行闪断执行
可以看到改进后的效果,闪断后,当前执行的会失败,但之后的可以重新创建新连接继续执行下去。
Array( [0] => Array ( [id] => 2 [name] => xfdipzone ))sleep 10SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 2006 MySQL server has gone awayArray()sleep 10Array( [0] => Array ( [id] => 1 [name] => fdipzone ))sleep 10...
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源码下载地址:点击查看
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