CentOS7与CentOS6区别

桌面系统

[CentOS6] GNOME 2.x
[CentOS7] GNOME 3.x（GNOME Shell）

文件系统

[CentOS6] ext4
[CentOS7] xfs

内核版本

[CentOS6] 2.6.x-x
[CentOS7] 3.10.x-x

启动加载器

[CentOS6] GRUB Legacy (+efibootmgr)
[CentOS7] GRUB2

防火墙

[CentOS6] iptables
[CentOS7] firewalld

默认数据库

[CentOS6] MySQL
[CentOS7] MariaDB

文件结构

[CentOS6] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64在/下
[CentOS7] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64移到/usr下

主机名

[CentOS6] /etc/sysconfig/network
[CentOS7] /etc/hostname

时间同步

• [CentOS6]

$ ntp
$ ntpq -p

• [CentOS7]

$ chrony
$ chronyc sources

修改时间

• [CentOS6]

$ vim /etc/sysconfig/clock
   ZONE="Asia/Tokyo"
   UTC=fales
$ sudo ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo /etc/localtime

• [CentOS7]

$ timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
$ timedatectl status

修改地区

• [CentOS6]

$ vim /etc/sysconfig/i18n
   LANG="ja_JP.utf8"
$ /etc/sysconfig/i18n
$ locale

• [CentOS7]

$ localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.utf8
$ localectl status

服务相关

• 启动停止

  • [CentOS6]

    $ service service_name start
    $ service service_name stop
    $ service sshd restart/status/reload

  • [CentOS7]

    $ systemctl start service_name
    $ systemctl stop service_name
    $ systemctl restart/status/reload sshd

• 自启动

  • [CentOS6]

    $ chkconfig service_name on/off

  • [CentOS7]

    $ systemctl enable service_name
    $ systemctl disable service_name

• 服务一览

  • [CentOS6]

    $ chkconfig --list

  • [CentOS7]

    $ systemctl list-unit-files
    $ systemctl --type service

• 强制停止

  • [CentOS6]

    $ kill -9 <PID>

  • [CentOS7]

    $ systemctl kill --signal=9 sshd

网络

• 网络信息

  • [CentOS6]

    $ netstat
    $ netstat -I
    $ netstat -n

  • [CentOS7]

    $ ip n
    $ ip -s l
    $ ss

• IP地址MAC地址

  • [CentOS6]

    $ ifconfig -a

  • [CentOS7]

    $ ip address show

• 路由
  
  • [CentOS6]
    
$ route -n
$ route -A inet6 -n

  • [CentOS7]
    
$ ip route show
$ ip -6 route show


重启关闭

• 关闭
  
  • [CentOS6]
    
$ shutdown -h now

  • [CentOS7]
    
$ poweroff
$ systemctl poweroff


• 重启

  • [CentOS6]

    $ reboot
    $ shutdown -r now

  • [CentOS7]

    $ reboot
    $ systemctl reboot

• 单用户模式

  • [CentOS6]

    $ init S

  • [CentOS7]

    $ systemctl rescue

• 启动模式

  • [CentOS6]

    • [GUICUI]

      $ vim /etc/inittab
      id:3:initdefault:

    • [CUIGUI]

      $ startx

  • [CentOS7]

    • [GUICUI]

      $ systemctl isolate multi-user.target

    • [CUIGUI]

      $systemctl isolate graphical.target

    • 默认

      $ systemctl set-default graphical.target
      $ systemctl set-default multi-user.target

    • 当前

      $ systemctl get-default