leetcode28

题目：

Implement strStr().

Return the index of the first occurrence of needle in haystack, or -1 if needle is not part of haystack.

Example 1:

Input: haystack = "hello", needle = "ll"
Output: 2


Example 2:

Input: haystack = "aaaaa", needle = "bba"
Output: -1


Clarification:

What should we return when needle is an empty string? This is a great question to ask during an interview.

For the purpose of this problem, we will return 0 when needle is an empty string. This is consistent to C's strstr() and Java's indexOf().

解法：

class Solution {
public:
    int strStr(string haystack, string needle) {
        if (needle.empty()) return 0;
        int m = haystack.size(), n = needle.size();
        if (m < n) return -1;
        for (int i = 0; i <= m - n; ++i) {
            int j = 0;
            for (j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                if (haystack[i + j] != needle[j]) break;
            }
            if (j == n) return i;
        }
        return -1;
    }
};

这道题让我们在一个字符串中找另一个字符串第一次出现的位置，那我们首先要做一些判断，如果子字符串为空，则返回0，如果子字符串长度大于母字符串长度，则返回-1。然后我们开始遍历母字符串，我们并不需要遍历整个母字符串，而是遍历到剩下的长度和子字符串相等的位置即可，这样可以提高运算效率。然后对于每一个字符，我们都遍历一遍子字符串，一个一个字符的对应比较，如果对应位置有不等的，则跳出循环，如果一直都没有跳出循环，则说明子字符串出现了，则返回起始位置即可