题目:
Design a stack that supports push, pop, top, and retrieving the minimum element in constant time.
push(x) – Push element x onto stack.
pop() – Removes the element on top of the stack.
top() – Get the top element.
getMin() – Retrieve the minimum element in the stack.
Example:
MinStack minStack = new MinStack();
minStack.push(-2);
minStack.push(0);
minStack.push(-3);
minStack.getMin(); --> Returns -3.
minStack.pop();
minStack.top(); --> Returns 0.
minStack.getMin(); --> Returns -2.
解法一
思路
这道最小栈跟原来的栈相比就是多了一个功能,可以返回该栈的最小值。使用两个栈来实现,一个栈来按顺序存储push进来的数据,另一个用来存出现过的最小值。
代码
class MinStack {
public:
/** initialize your data structure here. */
MinStack() {}
void push(int x) {
s1.push(x);
if (s2.empty() || x <= s2.top()) s2.push(x);
}
void pop() {
if (s1.top() == s2.top()) s2.pop();
s1.pop();
}
int top() {
return s1.top();
}
int getMin() {
return s2.top();
}
private:
stack<int> s1, s2;
};
解法二
思路
这种解法只用到了一个栈,还需要一个整型变量min_val来记录当前最小值,初始化为整型最大值,然后如果需要进栈的数字小于等于当前最小值min_val,那么将min_val压入栈,并且将min_val更新为当前数字。在出栈操作时,先将栈顶元素移出栈,再判断该元素是否和min_val相等,相等的话我们将min_val更新为新栈顶元素,再将新栈顶元素移出栈即可
代码
class MinStack {
public:
/** initialize your data structure here. */
MinStack() {
min_val = INT_MAX;
}
void push(int x) {
if (x <= min_val) {
st.push(min_val);
min_val = x;
}
st.push(x);
}
void pop() {
int t = st.top(); st.pop();
if (t == min_val) {
min_val = st.top(); st.pop();
}
}
int top() {
return st.top();
}
int getMin() {
return min_val;
}
private:
int min_val;
stack<int> st;
};