CentOS 8安装Docker流程

1、安装检查
Docker要求安装环境为 64位系统，且内核在3.8以上，可用uname -r 命令查看。

2、利用命令行安装

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

这里如果报如下错误：

# Executing docker install script, commit: 3d8fe77c2c46c5b7571f94b42793905e5b3e42e4
+ sh -c 'yum install -y -q yum-utils'
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Yum repo downloading error: Downloading error(s): repodata/072c472b8266d0a08f5d5af6037a54997cbbd7cb95b427e0ec33a101ce302cbe-primary.xml.gz - Cannot download, all mirrors were already tried without success; repodata/8a86e3de9fd4e2526a80817751b7126feb4673de01389df36f79c5a3ca706ccb-filelists.xml.gz - Cannot download, all mirrors were already tried without success

则进入到yum.repos.d目录，若没有报该错误，则直接进入步骤3

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d

查看目录可以看到如下文件：

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo  CentOS-Linux-ContinuousRelease.repo  CentOS-Linux-Devel.repo   CentOS-Linux-FastTrack.repo         CentOS-Linux-Media.repo  CentOS-Linux-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo     CentOS-Linux-Debuginfo.repo          CentOS-Linux-Extras.repo  CentOS-Linux-HighAvailability.repo  CentOS-Linux-Plus.repo   CentOS-Linux-Sources.repo

进入CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo文件进行修改

vi CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo

放开baseurl注解并修改为如下即可：

[baseos]
name=CentOS Linux $releasever - BaseOS
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=BaseOS&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.aliyun.com/$contentdir/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

3、再次执行该命令：

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

若报如下错误：

Error: 
 Problem: package docker-ce-3:20.10.5-3.el8.x86_64 requires containerd.io >= 1.4.1, but none of the providers can be installed
 1. package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64
 2. package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64
 3. package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64
 4. package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64
 5. package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64
 6. package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64
 7. problem with installed package buildah-1.15.1-2.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
 8. package buildah-1.15.1-2.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-26, but none of the providers can be installed
 9. package buildah-1.16.7-4.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-26, but none of the providers can be installed
 10. package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
 11. package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
 12. package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
 13. package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
 14. package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
 15. package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
 16. cannot install the best candidate for the job
 17. package runc-1.0.0-56.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.3.0+569+1bada2e4.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
 18. package runc-1.0.0-64.rc10.module_el8.3.0+479+69e2ae26.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering

这是由于containerd.io版本过低导致的，需安装高版本，也可以安装低版本的docker，但不推荐，点开https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/8/x86_64/stable/Packages/，查看所需版本，然后执行如下命令：

yum install https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/8/x86_64/stable/Packages/containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64.rpm

4、若执行步骤3的时候报如下错误：

Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:55 ago on Thu 18 Mar 2021 07:53:36 PM CST.
containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                           499 kB/s |  33 MB     01:08    
Error: 
 Problem: problem with installed package podman-2.0.5-5.module_el8.3.0+512+b3b58dca.x86_64
  - package podman-2.0.5-5.module_el8.3.0+512+b3b58dca.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-57, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package podman-2.2.1-7.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-57, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64
  - conflicting requests
  - package runc-1.0.0-64.rc10.module_el8.3.0+479+69e2ae26.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
(try to add '--allowerasing' to command line to replace conflicting packages or '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

则按照提示执行如下命令：

yum install --allowerasing docker-ce

之后会有两次确认，按照提示输入y，再按回车即可。
5、查看docker版本

[root@localhost /]# docker -v
Docker version 20.10.5, build 55c4c88