Cocoa的几种内置数据类型之间的互转

因为Cocoa的数据类型之间的互转在实际程序中应用很广泛，因此在此记录一下常用的几个互转。

1 NSData和NSString之间互转：

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/* NSString to NSData */ NSString *theString = @"This is a string"; NSData *theStringData = [theString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSLog(@"%@\n%@", theString, theStringData); /* NSData to NSString */ NSString *theStringFromData = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:theStringData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSLog(@"%@", theStringFromData); [theStringFromData release];

这里用NSUTF8StringEncoding作为例子，实际可以使用更多其它的编码类型，详情可以参考文档。

2 从某个路径(NSString)加载图片

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NSString *imagePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForImageResource:@"some_image"]; NSImage *theImage = [[NSImage alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:imagePath]; //[self.imageWell setImage:theImage]; [theImage release];

除了可以从NSString加载图片，也可以从NSURL加载。方法类似。

3 NSData和NSImage之间互转：

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/* NSImage to NSData (TIFF) */ NSData *someData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:imagePath]; NSImage *someImage = [[NSImage alloc] initWithData:someData]; NSData *dataFromImage = [someImage TIFFRepresentation]; NSMutableString *homeDir = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:NSHomeDirectory()]; [dataFromImage writeToFile:[homeDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Desktop/image.tiff"] atomically:NO]; /* NSImage to NSData (Any Format, use png as example) */ //NSBitmapImageRep *bmprep = [NSBitmapImageRep imageRepWithData:dataFromImage]; // TIFF representation data NSBitmapImageRep *bmprep = [NSBitmapImageRep imageRepWithData:someData]; // PNG data from file NSDictionary *imageProperty = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0], NSImageCompressionFactor, nil]; NSData *otherTypeImageData = [bmprep representationUsingType:NSPNGFileType properties:imageProperty]; [otherTypeImageData writeToFile:[homeDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Desktop/image.png"] atomically:NO]; [homeDir release]; [someImage release];

NSData和NSImage之间互转实际上相当复杂。这里使用了NSBitmapImageRep作为中间对象来完成对各种图片类型的支持（主要包括TIFF，JPEG，GIF和PNG）。特别是imageProperty这个NSDictionary，在实际使用中需要参考文档进行赋值。

4 NSURL和`NSString之间互转：

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/* NSString to NSURL */ NSString *google = @"http://google.com"; NSURL *googleURL = [[NSURL alloc] initWithString:google]; NSLog(@"%@", googleURL); /* NSURL to NSString */ NSLog(@"%@, %@", [googleURL relativeString], [googleURL absoluteString]); [googleURL release];

从NSString到NSURL没什么说的；从NSURL到NSString，有两个方法，一个是绝对路径，一个是相对路径。对于本地文件的路径，这两个方法是有区别的；而对于网页等远程路径，这两个方法返回的值相同。

5 CGImage转NSImage

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/* CGImage to NSImage */ NSBitmapImageRep *bitmapRep = [[NSBitmapImageRep alloc] initWithCGImage:cgImage]; NSImage *image = [[NSImage alloc] init]; [image addRepresentation:bitmapRep]; [bitmapRep release]; [imageView setImage:image]; [image release];