Mybatis 中的延迟加载案例

    什么是延迟加载：
        在真正使用数据时才发起查询，不用的时候不查询。按需加载（懒加载）
    什么是立即加载：
        不管用不用，只要一调用方法，马上发起查询。
    
    在对应的四种表关系中：一对多，多对一，一对一，多对多
        一对多，多对多：通常情况下我们都是采用延迟加载。
        多对一，一对一：通常情况下我们都是采用立即加载。

我们这里分别演示

1）一对一的延时加载：查询所有账户信息，包含账户所属于的用户的信息

2）和一对多的延时加载：查询所有的用户信息，包含用户的所有账户信息

下面上代码大纲：

1. 创建maven工程，添加依赖信息mybatis,mysql,junit,log4j
2. 准备sql数据User（用户表） ，Account(账户表) 一个用户可以有多个账户，一个账户只属于一个用户
3. 创建User实体类和Account实体类
4. 编写Dao接口以及主配置文件和映射文件
5. 编写测试方法

 

以下对应实现：

---1、创建maven工程，添加依赖信息mybatis,mysql,junit,log4j

SqlMapConfig.xml
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.hs</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatisCache</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.32</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

---2、准备sql数据User（用户表） ，Account(账户表) 一个用户可以有多个账户，一个账户只属于一个用户

/*
SQLyog Ultimate v12.09 (64 bit)
MySQL - 5.5.40 : Database - test
*********************************************************************
*/


/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=''*/;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/`test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;

USE `test`;

/*Table structure for table `account` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `account`;

CREATE TABLE `account` (
  `ID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '编号',
  `UID` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
  `MONEY` double DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '金额',
  PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  KEY `FK_Reference_8` (`UID`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_8` FOREIGN KEY (`UID`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `account` */

insert  into `account`(`ID`,`UID`,`MONEY`) values (1,46,1000),(2,45,1000),(3,46,2000);

/*Table structure for table `user` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',
  `birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',
  `sex` char(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
  `address` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=49 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `user` */

insert  into `user`(`id`,`username`,`birthday`,`sex`,`address`) values (41,'老王','2018-02-27 17:47:08','男','北京'),(42,'小二王','2018-03-02 15:09:37','女','北京金燕龙'),(43,'小二王','2018-03-04 11:34:34','女','北京金燕龙'),(45,'传智播客','2018-03-04 12:04:06','男','北京金燕龙'),(46,'老王','2018-03-07 17:37:26','男','北京'),(48,'小马宝莉','2018-03-08 11:44:00','女','北京修正');

---3、创建User实体类和Account实体类

User实体类：
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
package domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author: huangshun
 * @Date: 2019/4/30 18:04
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class User implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private Date birthday;
    private String sex;
    private String address;
    private List<Account> accounts;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                ", accounts=" + accounts +
                '}';
    }

    public List<Account> getAccounts() {
        return accounts;
    }

    public void setAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
        this.accounts = accounts;
    }


    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Account 实体类
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
package domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @Author: huangshun
 * @Date: 2019/4/30 18:06
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class Account implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private Integer uid;
    private double money;
    private User user;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", uid=" + uid +
                ", money=" + money +
                ", user=" + user +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Integer getUid() {
        return uid;
    }

    public void setUid(Integer uid) {
        this.uid = uid;
    }

    public double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }
}

---4、编写Dao接口以及主配置文件和映射文件

UserDao:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
package dao;

import domain.User;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author: huangshun
 * @Date: 2019/4/30 18:09
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public interface UserDao {
    /**
     * 查询所有用户信息 包括用户的账号信息 延迟加载
     * @return
     */
    List<User> findAll();

    /**
     * 根据id 查询用户信息
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    User findUserByUId(int id);
}

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AccoountDao:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
package dao;

import domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author: huangshun
 * @Date: 2019/4/30 18:10
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public interface AccountDao {
    /**
     * 查询所有的账号信息 包括账号主人的信息 延迟加载
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAll();

    /**
     * 按照用户id 查询账户信息
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAccountByUid(int uid);
}

映射文件UserDaoMaping.xml和AccountDaoMapping.xml

UserDaoMapping.xml
=========================================================================================
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.UserDao">
    <resultMap id="userMap" type="domain.User">
        <id column="id" property="id"></id>
        <result column="username" property="username"></result>
        <result column="sex" property="sex"></result>
        <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
        <result column="address" property="address"></result>
        <!--配置账户的集合
        column="id":  这里为什么是id?  因为查询account 时 是按照用户的id 查询的 所以把用户的id 传进去
        select ： 填写我们要调用的 select 映射的 id  这里调用的是AccountDao里的findAccountByUid 根据用户id 查询账户
        -->
        <collection property="accounts" ofType="domain.Account"
            select="dao.AccountDao.findAccountByUid" column="id"
        >
            <id column="id" property="id"></id>
            <result column="uid" property="uid"></result>
            <result column="money" property="money"></result>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
    
    <!-- 查询所有用户信息 一对多 不使用延时加载-->
    <!--<select id="findAll" resultType="domain.User">
        SELECT u.*,a.`ID` AS aid,a.`MONEY` FROM USER u LEFT JOIN account a ON u.`id`=a.`UID`;
    </select>
    -->
    <!--查询所有用户信息 包括用户账户信息 使用延时加载 -->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
        select *from user
    </select>

    <!-- 根据用户id 查询用户信息-->
    <select id="findUserByUId" parameterType="int" resultType="domain.User">
        select * from user where id=#{id};
    </select>

</mapper>
=========================================================================================
AccountDaoMapping.xml
=========================================================================================
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.AccountDao">
<!-- 一对一的延时加载应该这么配置-->
    <resultMap id="accountMap" type="domain.Account">
        <id column="id" property="id"></id>
        <result column="uid" property="uid"></result>
        <result column="money" property="money"></result>
        <!-- 账户所属于的联系人select ： 填写我们要调用的 select 映射的 id
        association:配置账户关联的用户对象
        column  ： 填写我们要传递给 select 映射的参数
        这里为什么要传递uid?  因为：在account里面的uid 对应user 表里面的id 所以uid 刚好时按id 查询用户需要的参数
        当是关联关系时 用javaType
        当时集合关系时用ofType
        -->
        <association property="user" javaType="domain.User"
        select="dao.UserDao.findUserByUId" column="uid"
        >
            <id column="id" property="id"></id>
            <result column="username" property="username"></result>
            <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
            <result column="sex" property="sex"></result>
            <result column="address" property="address"></result>
        </association>

    </resultMap>
    <!--查询所有账户信息和账户所属于的用户的信息  -->
    <!-- <select id="findAll" resultType="domain.Account">
        SELECT a.*,u.id AS uid,u.username,u.address FROM account a LEFT JOIN USER u ON a.uid=u.id;
    </select> -->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="accountMap">
        select * from account
    </select>
    <!--根据用户id 查询账户信息 -->
    <select id="findAccountByUid" parameterType="int" resultType="domain.Account">
        select * from account where uid=#{uid};
    </select>
</mapper>
=========================================================================================主配置文件：SqlMapConfig.xml
=========================================================================================
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- mybatis的主配置文件 -->
<configuration>
    <!--开启延迟加载的支持 -->
    <settings>
        <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
        <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
    </settings>
    <!-- 配置环境 -->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <!-- 配置mysql的环境-->
        <environment id="mysql">
            <!-- 配置事务的类型-->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <!-- 配置数据源（连接池） -->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <!-- 配置连接数据库的4个基本信息 -->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!-- 指定映射配置文件的位置，映射配置文件指的是每个dao独立的配置文件 -->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="UserDaoMapping.xml"/>
        <mapper resource="AccountDaoMapping.xml"></mapper>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

---5、编写测试类

import dao.AccountDao;
import dao.UserDao;
import domain.Account;
import domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author: huangshun
 * @Date: 2019/4/30 10:34
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class TestAccount {
    InputStream in;
    SqlSession sqlSession;
    SqlSessionFactory factory;
    AccountDao dao;


    @Before
    public void testBefore() throws IOException {
        in= Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        factory =new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        dao = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountDao.class);
    }

    @After
    public void testAfter() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.close();
        in.close();

    }

    /**
     * 测试查询所有用户信息 一对多 一个用户可以包含多个账户
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<Account> accounts = dao.findAll();
        for (Account account : accounts) {
            System.out.println(account);
            System.out.println(account.getUser());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testfindAccountByUid(){
        List<Account> accounts = dao.findAccountByUid(46);
        for (Account account : accounts) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }

}

import dao.UserDao;
import domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;


/**
 * @Author: huangshun
 * @Date: 2019/4/30 10:34
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class TestUser {
    InputStream in;
    SqlSession sqlSession;
    SqlSessionFactory factory;
    UserDao dao;


    @Before
    public void testBefore() throws IOException {
        in= Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        factory =new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        dao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    }

    @After
    public void testAfter() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.close();
        in.close();

    }

    /**
     * 测试查询所有用户信息 一对多 一个用户可以包含多个账户
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<User> users = dao.findAll();
        for (User user : users) {
            System.out.println(user);

        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testfindUserByUId(){
        User user = dao.findUserByUId(41);
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

查看控制台可以看出，只有当使用了相关数据时才会去查询数据库---结束。