简介
Spring Security是 Spring提供的安全认证服务的框架。 使用Spring Security可以帮助我们来简化认证 和授权的过程。 官网:https://spring.io/projects/spring-security.
1.1导入Spring Security环境
第一步:对应的maven坐标:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
第二步:在工程的web.xml文件中配置用于整合Spring Security框架的过滤器 DelegatingFilterProxy
<!--委派过滤器,用于整合其他框架-->
<filter>
<!--整合spring security时,此过滤器的名称固定springSecurityFilterChain-->
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filterclass>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
第三步:配置Spring Security的xml文件,这里有个模板,可以拿来稍微改改直接用
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">
<!--配置哪些资源匿名可以访问(不登录也可以访问)-->
<!--<security:http security="none" pattern="/pages/a.html"></security:http>
<security:http security="none" pattern="/pages/b.html"></security:http>-->
<!--<security:http security="none" pattern="/pages/**"></security:http>-->
<security:http security="none" pattern="/login.html"></security:http>
<security:http security="none" pattern="/css/**"></security:http>
<security:http security="none" pattern="/img/**"></security:http>
<security:http security="none" pattern="/js/**"></security:http>
<security:http security="none" pattern="/plugins/**"></security:http>
<!-- <security:http security="none" pattern="/statics/**"></security:http>-->
<!--
auto-config:自动配置,如果设置为true,表示自动应用一些默认配置,比如框架会提供一个默认的登录页面
use-expressions:是否使用spring security提供的表达式来描述权限
-->
<security:http auto-config="true" use-expressions="true">
<security:headers>
<!--设置在页面可以通过iframe访问受保护的页面,默认为不允许访问-->
<security:frame-options policy="SAMEORIGIN"></security:frame-options>
</security:headers>
<!--配置拦截规则, 表示拦截所有请求-->
<!--
pattern:描述拦截规则
asscess:指定所需的访问角色或者访问权限
-->
<!--只要认证通过就可以访问-->
<security:intercept-url pattern="/pages/**" access="isAuthenticated()" />
<!--如果我们要使用自己指定的页面作为登录页面,必须配置登录表单.页面提交的登录表单请求是由框架负责处理-->
<!--
login-page:指定登录页面访问URL
-->
<security:form-login
login-page="/login.html"
username-parameter="username"
password-parameter="password"
login-processing-url="/login.do"
default-target-url="/pages/index.html"
authentication-failure-url="/login.html"></security:form-login>
<!--
csrf:对应CsrfFilter过滤器
disabled:是否启用CsrfFilter过滤器,如果使用自定义登录页面需要关闭此项,否则登录操作会被禁用(403)
-->
<security:csrf disabled="true"></security:csrf>
<!--
logout:退出登录
logout-url:退出登录操作对应的请求路径
logout-success-url:退出登录后的跳转页面
-->
<security:logout logout-url="/logout.do"
logout-success-url="/login.html" invalidate-session="true"/>
</security:http>
<!--配置认证管理器-->
<security:authentication-manager>
<!--配置认证提供者-->
<security:authentication-provider user-service-ref="springSecurityUserService">
<!--
配置一个具体的用户,后期需要从数据库查询用户
<security:user-service>
<security:user name="admin" password="{noop}1234" authorities="ROLE_ADMIN"/>
</security:user-service>
-->
<!--指定度密码进行加密的对象-->
<security:password-encoder ref="passwordEncoder"></security:password-encoder>
</security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>
<!--配置密码加密对象-->
<bean id="passwordEncoder"
class="org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder" />
<!--开启注解方式权限控制-->
<security:global-method-security pre-post-annotations="enabled" />
</beans>
1.2 实现认证和授权
首先在service包下创建一个类,并实现UserDetailsService接口,重写接口方法,方法的参数是将前端的用户名传过来,我们需要返回用户名、密码、角色和权限(List)信息封装到框架给我们提供的User对象,让框架进行比对
package com.app.service;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import com.app.pojo.DevUser;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Component
public class SpringSecurityUserService implements UserDetailsService {
@Reference
private DevUserService devUserService;
/**
* 使用Spring Security框架对用户进行认证授权
* @param username
* @return
* @throws UsernameNotFoundException
*/
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
//向数据库去拿user信息
DevUser user = devUserService.findByUserName(username);
if(user == null){
//当没查到用户就说明该用户不存在
return null;
}
List<GrantedAuthority> list = new ArrayList<>();
/*list.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("permission_A"));//授权
list.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN"));*/
User securityUser = new User(username, user.getDevPassword(), list);
return securityUser;
}
}
在Controller中方法上添加该注解,表示给方法授予权限,必须要有权限该方法才能访问,否则返回给前台403(权限不足),字符串以’ROLE’开头框架默认当做角色处理
@PreAuthorize("hasAuthority('add')")//调用此方法要求当前用户必须具有add权限
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ROLE_ADMIN')")//调用此方法要求当前用户必须具有ROLE_ADMIN角色