springmvc06:异常处理机制

隔壁老二

已于 2022-12-11 00:35:43 修改

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分类专栏： springmvc 文章标签： spring java 后端

于 2022-12-11 00:16:24 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/huangziweilii/article/details/128269899

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6.1异常处理的思路

1.2异常处理两种方式

实现前置准备

1.简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

2.自定义异常处理步骤

异常处理机制知识要点

6.1异常处理的思路

系统中异常包括两类: 预期异常和运行时异常RuntimeException，前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息，后者主要通过规范代码开发、测试等手段减少运行时异常的发生
系统的Dao、Service、Controller出现都通过throwsException向上抛出，最后由SpringMVC前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理，如下图:

1.2异常处理两种方式

使用Spring MVC提供的简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver实现Spring的异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver自定义自己的异常处理器

实现前置准备

（1）导入对应依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.32</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.10</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

（2）service接口和实现类

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
public interface DemoService {
    void show1();
    void show2();
    void show3() throws FileNotFoundException;
    void show4();
    void show5() throws MyException;
}

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
    public void show1() {
        System.out.println("抛出类型转换异常....");
        Object str = "zhangsan";
        Integer num = (Integer)str;
    }
    public void show2() {
        System.out.println("抛出除零异常....");
        int i = 1/0;
    }
    public void show3() throws FileNotFoundException {
        System.out.println("文件找不到异常....");
        InputStream in = new FileInputStream("C:/xxx/xxx/xxx.txt");
    }
    public void show4() {
        System.out.println("空指针异常.....");
        String str = null;
        str.length();
    }
    public void show5() throws MyException {
        System.out.println("自定义异常....");
        throw new MyException();
    }
}

（3）controller


import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import com.itheima.service.DemoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
@Controller
public class DemoController {
    @Autowired
    private DemoService demoService;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/show")
    public String show() throws FileNotFoundException, MyException {
        System.out.println("show running......");
        //demoService.show1();
        //demoService.show2();
        //demoService.show3();
        //demoService.show4();
        demoService.show5();
        return "index";
    }

}

(3)spring.xml


import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import com.itheima.service.DemoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
@Controller
public class DemoController {
    @Autowired
    private DemoService demoService;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/show")
    public String show() throws FileNotFoundException, MyException {
        System.out.println("show running......");
        //demoService.show1();
        //demoService.show2();
        //demoService.show3();
        //demoService.show4();
        demoService.show5();
        return "index";
    }

}

(4)jsp界面

1.简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

（1）.在springmvc.xml配置简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">

    <!--1、mvc注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--2、配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3、静态资源权限开放-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!--4、组件扫描  扫描Controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/>

    <!--配置异常处理器-->
    <!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        &lt;!&ndash;<property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>&ndash;&gt;
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <map>
                <entry key="java.lang.ClassCastException" value="error1"/>
                <entry key="com.itheima.exception.MyException" value="error2"/>
            </map>
        </property>
    </bean>-->
</beans>

2.自定义异常处理步骤

（1）创建异常处理器类实现HandlerExceptionResolver

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
    /*
        参数Exception：异常对象
        返回值ModelAndView：跳转到错误视图信息
     */
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

        if(e instanceof MyException){
            modelAndView.addObject("info","自定义异常");
        }else if(e instanceof ClassCastException){
            modelAndView.addObject("info","类转换异常");
        }
        modelAndView.setViewName("error");

        return modelAndView;
    }
}

（2）配置异常界面

<bean class="com.itheima.resolver.MyExceptionResolver"/>

（3）编写异常界面

（4）测试自定义异常

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springmvc06:异常处理机制

异常处理机制知识要点。
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专栏目录

springmvc06:异常处理机制

6.1异常处理的思路

1.2异常处理两种方式

实现前置准备

1.简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

2.自定义异常处理步骤

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