目录
1.简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver
异常处理机制知识要点
6.1异常处理的思路
系统中异常包括两类: 预期异常和运行时异常RuntimeException,前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息,后者主要通过规范代码开发、测试等手段减少运行时异常的发生
系统的Dao、Service、Controller出现都通过throwsException向上抛出,最后由SpringMVC前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理,如下图:
1.2异常处理两种方式
使用Spring MVC提供的简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver实现Spring的异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver自定义自己的异常处理器
实现前置准备
(1)导入对应依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.32</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
(2)service接口和实现类
import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
public interface DemoService {
void show1();
void show2();
void show3() throws FileNotFoundException;
void show4();
void show5() throws MyException;
}
import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
public void show1() {
System.out.println("抛出类型转换异常....");
Object str = "zhangsan";
Integer num = (Integer)str;
}
public void show2() {
System.out.println("抛出除零异常....");
int i = 1/0;
}
public void show3() throws FileNotFoundException {
System.out.println("文件找不到异常....");
InputStream in = new FileInputStream("C:/xxx/xxx/xxx.txt");
}
public void show4() {
System.out.println("空指针异常.....");
String str = null;
str.length();
}
public void show5() throws MyException {
System.out.println("自定义异常....");
throw new MyException();
}
}
(3)controller
import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import com.itheima.service.DemoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
@Controller
public class DemoController {
@Autowired
private DemoService demoService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/show")
public String show() throws FileNotFoundException, MyException {
System.out.println("show running......");
//demoService.show1();
//demoService.show2();
//demoService.show3();
//demoService.show4();
demoService.show5();
return "index";
}
}
(3)spring.xml
import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import com.itheima.service.DemoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
@Controller
public class DemoController {
@Autowired
private DemoService demoService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/show")
public String show() throws FileNotFoundException, MyException {
System.out.println("show running......");
//demoService.show1();
//demoService.show2();
//demoService.show3();
//demoService.show4();
demoService.show5();
return "index";
}
}
(4)jsp界面
1.简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver
(1).在springmvc.xml配置简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">
<!--1、mvc注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--2、配置视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--3、静态资源权限开放-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--4、组件扫描 扫描Controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/>
<!--配置异常处理器-->
<!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<!–<property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>–>
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<map>
<entry key="java.lang.ClassCastException" value="error1"/>
<entry key="com.itheima.exception.MyException" value="error2"/>
</map>
</property>
</bean>-->
</beans>
2.自定义异常处理步骤
(1)创建异常处理器类实现HandlerExceptionResolver
import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
/*
参数Exception:异常对象
返回值ModelAndView:跳转到错误视图信息
*/
public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
if(e instanceof MyException){
modelAndView.addObject("info","自定义异常");
}else if(e instanceof ClassCastException){
modelAndView.addObject("info","类转换异常");
}
modelAndView.setViewName("error");
return modelAndView;
}
}
(2)配置异常界面
<bean class="com.itheima.resolver.MyExceptionResolver"/>
(3)编写异常界面
(4)测试自定义异常