首先,看这段代码,thr_fn为一个线程函数:
- bool flag = true;
- void * thr_fn(void * arg) {
- while (flag){
- printf(".\n");
- sleep(10);
- }
- printf("thread exit\n");
- }
- int main() {
- pthread_t thread;
- if (0 != pthread_create(&thread, NULL, thr_fn, NULL)) {
- printf("error when create pthread,%d\n", errno);
- return 1;
- }
- char c ;
- while ((c = getchar()) != 'q');
- printf("Now terminate the thread!\n");
- flag = false;
- printf("Wait for thread to exit\n");
- pthread_join(thread, NULL);
- printf("Bye\n");
- return 0;
- }
采用pthread_cond_timedwait函数实现的如下:
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <sys/time.h>;
- #include <unistd.h>;
- #include <pthread.h>;
- #include <errno.h>;
- pthread_t thread;
- pthread_cond_t cond;
- pthread_mutex_t mutex;
- bool flag = true;
- void * thr_fn(void * arg) {
- struct timeval now;
- struct timespec outtime;
- pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
- while (flag) {
- printf(".\n");
- gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
- outtime.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + 5;
- outtime.tv_nsec = now.tv_usec * 1000;
- pthread_cond_timedwait(&cond, &mutex, &outtime);
- }
- pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
- printf("thread exit\n");
- }
- int main() {
- pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);
- pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);
- if (0 != pthread_create(&thread, NULL, thr_fn, NULL)) {
- printf("error when create pthread,%d\n", errno);
- return 1;
- }
- char c ;
- while ((c = getchar()) != 'q');
- printf("Now terminate the thread!\n");
- flag = false;
- pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
- pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
- pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
- printf("Wait for thread to exit\n");
- pthread_join(thread, NULL);
- printf("Bye\n");
- return 0;
- }
pthread_cond_timedwait()函数阻塞住调用该函数的线程,等待由cond指定的条件被触发(pthread_cond_broadcast() or pthread_cond_signal())。
当pthread_cond_timedwait()被调用时,调用线程必须已经锁住了mutex。函数pthread_cond_timedwait()会对mutex进行【解锁和执行对条件的等待】(原子操作)。这里的原子意味着:解锁和执行条件的等待是原则的,一体的。(In this case, atomically means with respect to the mutex and the condition variable and other access by threads to those objects through the pthread condition variable interfaces.)
如果等待条件满足或超时,或线程被取消,调用线程需要在线程继续执行前先自动锁住mutex,如果没有锁住mutex,产生EPERM错误。即,该函数返回时,mutex已经被调用线程锁住。
等待的时间通过abstime参数(绝对系统时间,过了该时刻就超时)指定,超时则返回ETIMEDOUT错误码。开始等待后,等待时间不受系统时钟改变的影响。
尽管时间通过秒和纳秒指定,系统时间是毫秒粒度的。需要根据调度和优先级原因,设置的时间长度应该比预想的时间要多或者少点。可以通过使用系统时钟接口gettimeofday()获得timeval结构体。
注: 为了可靠的使用条件变量和确保不忘记对条件变量的唤醒操作,应该采用一个bool变量和mutex变量同条件变量配合使用。如本文demo。