android学习——View之二

• GridView
• ExpandableListView

.1. GridView
属性说明：
numColumns=”auto_fit”自适应
columnWidth=”70dp” 列宽
stretchMode=”columnWidth” 拉伸模式
horizontalSpacing=”20dp” 横向间隔
verticalSpacing=”50dp”纵向间隔

示例：
activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<GridView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:id="@+id/gridview"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:numColumns="3"
    android:verticalSpacing="10dp"
    android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
    android:columnWidth="90dp"
    android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:layout_gravity="center"
/>

添加grid_item.xml，表示一个格的显示样式:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:paddingBottom="4dp" >
//方式一：通过配置文件，设置图片
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/ItemImage"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:background="#ff0000"
        android:scaleType="centerCrop" >
    </ImageView>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/ItemText"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/ItemImage"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" >
    </TextView>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/ItemBtn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/ItemText" 
        android:focusable="false"
        android:focusableInTouchMode="false"        
        android:text="领回家"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"/>
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity.java:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    //图片资源的id
    int[] imagesId = { R.drawable.img00, R.drawable.img01, R.drawable.img02, R.drawable.img03, R.drawable.img04,
R.drawable.img05, R.drawable.img06, R.drawable.img07, R.drawable.img08 };
    //字符串数组
    String[] strs = { "xxx1", "xxx2", "xxx3", 
"xxx4", "xxx5", "xxx6", 
"xxx7", "xxx8", "xxx9", };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);     
        GridView grid = (GridView) this.findViewById(R.id.gridview);
        //添加适配器
        MyAdapter adapter = new MyAdapter();
        grid.setAdapter(adapter);
//添加选中某项监听
        grid.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, strs[position]+" clicked", 0).show();
            }
        });
    }

    class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            return imagesId.length;
        }
        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            View v = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.grid_item, null);
            //设置图片
            ImageView image = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.ItemImage);           
            image.setImageResource(imagesId[position]);
            //设置图片下面的文字
            TextView info = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.ItemText);
            info.setText(strs[position]);
            Button btn = (Button) v.findViewById(R.id.ItemBtn);
//添加button的监听
            btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {                 @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "领回家  ", 0).show();
                }
            });
            return v;
        }
        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

运行效果：

也可以在getView方法中，动态创建ImageView对象：

            //方式二：创建ImageView对象
            ImageView image = new ImageView(MainActivity.this);
            //设置宽和高
            image.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(85, 85));
            //设置缩放规则
            image.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);
            //设置间隔
            image.setPadding(5, 5, 5, 5);
            //设置图片资源
            image.setImageResource(imagesId[position]);

**注意：**ListView 的Item与子控件的焦点冲突问题
android:descendantFocusability // 放在listview中的item的顶级布局上。
该属性的可选项有三个：
beforeDescendants 0 Item先获取到焦点
afterDescendants 1 子控件获取到焦点— 也就是item无法获取到焦点
blocksDescendants 2 让子控件无法获取焦点 –事实证明子控件是可以获取到焦点的
ListView默认情况：
当item有焦点时，item上的button等子控件获取不到焦点；
当子控件有焦点时，item无焦点无法响应onItemClick事件
解决方法：
给子控件添加下面两个属性：
focusableInTouchMode=“false”
focusable=“false”
2. ExpandableListView
布局：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >
    <ExpandableListView 
        android:id="@+id/exlv"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        >           
    </ExpandableListView>
</RelativeLayout>

每一个子项布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imgv"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>
</LinearLayout>

实现：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    ExpandableListView exlv;
    private List<String> list_parent = new ArrayList<String>();
    private List<List<String>> list_children=new ArrayList<List<String>>();
    {
        list_parent.add("我的好友");
        list_parent.add("陌生人");
        list_parent.add("黑名单");
        list_parent.add("白名单");
        List<String> child1 = new ArrayList<String>();
        child1.add("miaomiao1");
        child1.add("miaomiao2");
        child1.add("miaomiao3");
        child1.add("miaomiao4");
        List<String> child2 = new ArrayList<String>();
        child2.add("wangwang1");
        child2.add("wangwang2");
        child2.add("wangwang3");
        List<String> child3 = new ArrayList<String>();
        child3.add("miemie1");
        child3.add("miemie2");
        List<String> child4 = new ArrayList<String>();
        child4.add("miaomiao11");
        child4.add("miaomiao21");
        child4.add("miaomiao31");
        child4.add("miaomiao41");

        list_children.add(child1);
        list_children.add(child2);
        list_children.add(child3);
        list_children.add(child4);      
    }           

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        exlv = (ExpandableListView) this.findViewById(R.id.exlv);
        exlv.setAdapter(new SubAdapter());
        //添加组展开和缩回监听
        exlv.setOnGroupExpandListener(new OnGroupExpandListener(){
            @Override
            public void onGroupExpand(int groupPosition) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "展开了---"+groupPosition, 0).show();
                //把其他组缩回
                for(int i= 0;i<list_parent.size();i++){
                    if(i!=groupPosition)
                        exlv.collapseGroup(i);
                }
            }

        });
        exlv.setOnGroupCollapseListener(new OnGroupCollapseListener(){
            @Override
            public void onGroupCollapse(int groupPosition) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "缩回了---"+groupPosition, 0).show();                
            }

        });
    }

    class SubAdapter extends AbstractAdapter{

        @Override
        public int getGroupCount() {
            return list_parent.size();
        }

        @Override
        public int getChildrenCount(int groupPosition) {
            return list_children.get(groupPosition).size();
        }

        @Override
        public Object getGroup(int groupPosition) {
            return list_parent.get(groupPosition);
        }

        @Override
        public Object getChild(int groupPosition, int childPosition) {
            return list_children.get(groupPosition).get(childPosition);
        }
        @Override
        public View getGroupView(int groupPosition, boolean isExpanded, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            TextView v = new TextView(MainActivity.this);
            v.setText(list_parent.get(groupPosition));  
            v.setPadding(30, 0, 0, 0);
            return v;
        }

        @Override
        public View getChildView(int groupPosition, int childPosition, boolean isLastChild, View convertView,
                ViewGroup parent) {
            View v = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item, null);
            TextView name = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.text);
            name.setText(this.getChild(groupPosition, childPosition).toString());
            return v;
        }
        @Override
        public void onGroupExpanded(int groupPosition) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "展开了", 0).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onGroupCollapsed(int groupPosition) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "缩回了", 0).show();
        }

    }
}

抽象类：

public abstract class AbstractAdapter implements ExpandableListAdapter {
    @Override
    public void registerDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) {}

    @Override
    public void unregisterDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) {   }

    @Override
    public long getGroupId(int groupPosition) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public long getChildId(int groupPosition, int childPosition) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean hasStableIds() {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isChildSelectable(int groupPosition, int childPosition) {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean areAllItemsEnabled() {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public long getCombinedChildId(long groupId, long childId) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public long getCombinedGroupId(long groupId) {
        return 0;
    }
}

说明：ExpandableListAdapter接口方法有18个，比较多，而本例中用到的方法仅8个，因此可以定义一个抽象类继承ExpandableListAdapter接口，并实现本例中未用到的10个方法，再定义一个子类继承该抽象类，实现其他8个方法，即本例中要用到的方法。
运行效果：