单元测试学习

一、Junit5

1.1 Maven

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
    <version>5.6.2</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

1.2注解学习

• @Test 标注为一个测试方法，无其属性
• @ParameterizedTest 测试函数参数

    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(strings = {"racecar", "radar", "Zhangxiaopiao"})
    void palindromes(String candidate) {
        assertTrue(StringUtils.isAllLowerCase(candidate));
    }

• @RepeatedTest 重复测试，可以控制重复测试次数和输出信息

    @BeforeEach
    void beforeEach(TestInfo testInfo, RepetitionInfo repetitionInfo) {
        int currentRepetition = repetitionInfo.getCurrentRepetition();
        int totalRepetitions = repetitionInfo.getTotalRepetitions();
        String methodName = testInfo.getTestMethod().get().getName();
        log.info(String.format("About to execute repetition %d of %d for %s", //
                currentRepetition, totalRepetitions, methodName));
    }

    @RepeatedTest(10)
    void repeatedTest() {
        System.out.println("zxp");
    }

• @Order(1) 测试顺序
• @Disable 取消某个固定的测试

二、Mockito

模拟实际类行为并作出验证

• stubbing

mockedList.add("one");
mockedList.clear();
verify(mockedList).add("one");
verify(mockedList).clear();
verify(mockedList).size();


LinkedList mockedList = mock(LinkedList.class);
//stubbing
when(mockedList.get(0)).thenReturn("first");
when(mockedList.get(1)).thenThrow(new RuntimeException());

//following prints "first"
System.out.println(mockedList.get(0));

//following prints "null" because get(999) was not stubbed
System.out.println(mockedList.get(999) + "111");

//following throws runtime exception
System.out.println(mockedList.get(1));

• anyInt()与验证次数

//stubbing using built-in anyInt() argument matcher
when(mockedList.get(anyInt())).thenReturn("element");

mockedList.add("once");
verify(mockedList).add("once");
verify(mockedList, times(2)).add("once");
verify(mockedList, never()).add("never happened");

• 顺序

InOrder inOrder = inOrder(singleMock);

 //following will make sure that add is first called with "was added first", then with "was added second"
 inOrder.verify(singleMock).add("was added first");
 inOrder.verify(singleMock).add("was added second");

参考文献

Junit5
Mockito