器：为rm命令添加一个垃圾回收站

将linux下的rm命令改造成移动文件至回收站

 

https://blog.csdn.net/hj605635529/article/details/80712415

背景

用rm删除文件的同时会删除inode信息，这使得使用rm删除的文件很难恢复。特别是带有-rf参数时，一定要慎之又慎。

我希望用rm删除的文件（夹）可以在回收站找到。本文就教你实现这个功能。

方法：

1. 在/home/username/ 目录下新建一个目录，命名为：.trash

        2.新建一个shell文件，命名为： saferm.sh,内容如下：

    #!/bin/bash
    ##
    ## saferm.sh
    ## Safely remove files, moving them to GNOME/KDE trash instead of deleting.
    ## Made by Eemil Lagerspetz
    ## Login   <vermind@drache>
    ##
    ## Started on  Mon Aug 11 22:00:58 2008 Eemil Lagerspetz
    ## Last update Sat Aug 16 23:49:18 2008 Eemil Lagerspetz
    ##
    version="1.16";
     
    ## flags (change these to change default behaviour)
    recursive="" # do not recurse into directories by default
    verbose="true" # set verbose by default for inexperienced users.
    force="" #disallow deleting special files by default
    unsafe="" # do not behave like regular rm by default
     
    ## possible flags (recursive, verbose, force, unsafe)
    # don't touch this unless you want to create/destroy flags
    flaglist="r v f u q"
     
    # Colours
    blue='\e[1;34m'
    red='\e[1;31m'
    norm='\e[0m'
     
    ## trashbin definitions
    # this is the same for newer KDE and GNOME:
    #trash_desktops="$HOME/.local/share/Trash/files"
    trash_desktops="$HOME/.trash"
    # if neither is running:
    trash_fallback="$HOME/Trash"
     
    # use .local/share/Trash?
    use_desktop=$( ps -U $USER | grep -E "gnome-settings|startkde|mate-session|mate-settings|mate-panel|gnome-shell|lxsession|unity" )
     
    # mounted filesystems, for avoiding cross-device move on safe delete
    filesystems=$( mount | awk '{print $3; }' )
     
    if [ -n "$use_desktop" ]; then
        trash="${trash_desktops}"
        infodir="${trash}/../info";
        for k in "${trash}" "${infodir}"; do
            if [ ! -d "${k}" ]; then mkdir -p "${k}"; fi
        done
    else
        trash="${trash_fallback}"
    fi
     
    usagemessage() {
        echo -e "This is ${blue}saferm.sh$norm $version. LXDE and Gnome3 detection.
        Will ask to unsafe-delete instead of cross-fs move. Allows unsafe (regular rm) delete (ignores trashinfo).
        Creates trash and trashinfo directories if they do not exist. Handles symbolic link deletion.
        Does not complain about different user any more.\n";
        echo -e "Usage: ${blue}/path/to/saferm.sh$norm [${blue}OPTIONS$norm] [$blue--$norm] ${blue}files and dirs to safely remove$norm"
        echo -e "${blue}OPTIONS$norm:"
        echo -e "$blue-r$norm      allows recursively removing directories."
        echo -e "$blue-f$norm      Allow deleting special files (devices, ...)."
      echo -e "$blue-u$norm      Unsafe mode, bypass trash and delete files permanently."
        echo -e "$blue-v$norm      Verbose, prints more messages. Default in this version."
      echo -e "$blue-q$norm      Quiet mode. Opposite of verbose."
        echo "";
    }
     
    detect() {
        if [ ! -e "$1" ]; then fs=""; return; fi
        path=$(readlink -f "$1")
        for det in $filesystems; do
            match=$( echo "$path" | grep -oE "^$det" )
            if [ -n "$match" ]; then
                if [ ${#det} -gt ${#fs} ]; then
                    fs="$det"
                fi
            fi
        done
    }
     
     
    trashinfo() {
    #gnome: generate trashinfo:
        bname=$( basename -- "$1" )
        fname="${trash}/../info/${bname}.trashinfo"
        cat <<EOF > "${fname}"
    [Trash Info]
    Path=$PWD/${1}
    DeletionDate=$( date +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S )
    EOF
    }
     
    setflags() {
        for k in $flaglist; do
        reduced=$( echo "$1" | sed "s/$k//" )
        if [ "$reduced" != "$1" ]; then
            flags_set="$flags_set $k"
        fi
        done
      for k in $flags_set; do
        if [ "$k" == "v" ]; then
            verbose="true"
        elif [ "$k" == "r" ]; then
            recursive="true"
        elif [ "$k" == "f" ]; then
            force="true"
        elif [ "$k" == "u" ]; then
            unsafe="true"
        elif [ "$k" == "q" ]; then
        unset verbose
        fi
      done
    }
     
    performdelete() {
                # "delete" = move to trash
                if [ -n "$unsafe" ]
                then
                  if [ -n "$verbose" ];then echo -e "Deleting $red$1$norm"; fi
                #UNSAFE: permanently remove files.
                rm -rf -- "$1"
                else
                  if [ -n "$verbose" ];then echo -e "Moving $blue$k$norm to $red${trash}$norm"; fi
                mv -b -- "$1" "${trash}" # moves and backs up old files
                fi
    }
     
    askfs() {
      detect "$1"
      if [ "${fs}" != "${tfs}" ]; then
        unset answer;
        until [ "$answer" == "y" -o "$answer" == "n" ]; do
          echo -e "$blue$1$norm is on $blue${fs}$norm. Unsafe delete (y/n)?"
          read -n 1 answer;
        done
        if [ "$answer" == "y" ]; then
          unsafe="yes"
        fi
      fi
    }
     
    complain() {
      msg=""
      if [ ! -e "$1" -a ! -L "$1" ]; then # does not exist
        msg="File does not exist:"
        elif [ ! -w "$1" -a ! -L "$1" ]; then # not writable
        msg="File is not writable:"
        elif [ ! -f "$1" -a ! -d "$1" -a -z "$force" ]; then # Special or sth else.
            msg="Is not a regular file or directory (and -f not specified):"
        elif [ -f "$1" ]; then # is a file
        act="true" # operate on files by default
        elif [ -d "$1" -a -n "$recursive" ]; then # is a directory and recursive is enabled
        act="true"
        elif [ -d "$1" -a -z "${recursive}" ]; then
            msg="Is a directory (and -r not specified):"
        else
            # not file or dir. This branch should not be reached.
            msg="No such file or directory:"
        fi
    }
     
    asknobackup() {
      unset answer
        until [ "$answer" == "y" -o "$answer" == "n" ]; do
          echo -e "$blue$k$norm could not be moved to trash. Unsafe delete (y/n)?"
          read -n 1 answer
        done
        if [ "$answer" == "y" ]
        then
          unsafe="yes"
          performdelete "${k}"
          ret=$?
            # Reset temporary unsafe flag
          unset unsafe
          unset answer
        else
          unset answer
        fi
    }
     
    deletefiles() {
      for k in "$@"; do
          fdesc="$blue$k$norm";
          complain "${k}"
          if [ -n "$msg" ]
          then
              echo -e "$msg $fdesc."
        else
            #actual action:
            if [ -z "$unsafe" ]; then
              askfs "${k}"
            fi
              performdelete "${k}"
              ret=$?
              # Reset temporary unsafe flag
              if [ "$answer" == "y" ]; then unset unsafe; unset answer; fi
          #echo "MV exit status: $ret"
          if [ ! "$ret" -eq 0 ]
          then
            asknobackup "${k}"
          fi
          if [ -n "$use_desktop" ]; then
              # generate trashinfo for desktop environments
            trashinfo "${k}"
          fi
        fi
        done
    }
     
    # Make trash if it doesn't exist
    if [ ! -d "${trash}" ]; then
        mkdir "${trash}";
    fi
     
    # find out which flags were given
    afteropts=""; # boolean for end-of-options reached
    for k in "$@"; do
        # if starts with dash and before end of options marker (--)
        if [ "${k:0:1}" == "-" -a -z "$afteropts" ]; then
            if [ "${k:1:2}" == "-" ]; then # if end of options marker
                afteropts="true"
            else # option(s)
                    setflags "$k" # set flags
                    fi
        else # not starting with dash, or after end-of-opts
            files[++i]="$k"
        fi
    done
     
    if [ -z "${files[1]}" ]; then # no parameters?
        usagemessage # tell them how to use this
        exit 0;
    fi
     
    # Which fs is trash on?
    detect "${trash}"
    tfs="$fs"
     
    # do the work
    deletefiles "${files[@]}"

3.将saferm.sh脚本拷贝到/bin目录下

4.修改~/.bashrc， 增加一行

alias rm=saferm.sh

5. source ~/.bashrc 使替换立即生效

6.设置crontab，定期清空垃圾箱（比如周六零点清空垃圾箱），（注意一点，在ubuntu16.04下定时任务服务名称cron不是crond）

0  0      * * 6   root    rm -rf /home/huangjia/.trash/*

7.重启cron

sudo service cron start //启动服务
---------------------  
作者：hj605635529  
来源：CSDN  
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/hj605635529/article/details/80712415  
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