命令格式:
ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -r[esolve] | -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | link } | -o[neline] | -n[etns] name }
OBJECT := { link | addr | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel | tuntap | maddr | mroute | mrule | monitor | xfrm | netns | l2tp | tcp_metrics }
OPTION
-V | -Version Print the version of the ip utility and exit.
-b | batch 从提供的文件或标准输入读取并执行命令。
-s | -stats | -statistics 输出更多信息,
[root@Yu ~]# ip -s addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
0 0 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
0 0 0 0 0 0
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:5e:b4:74 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.104/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic enp0s3
valid_lft 4598sec preferred_lft 4598sec
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe5e:b474/64 scope link tentative dadfailed
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
75164 909 0 0 0 29
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
54393 350 0 0 0 0
-d | -details 输出更详细的信息
-4:指定使用的网络层协议是IPv4协议;
-0:输出信息每条记录输出一行,即使内容较多也不换行显示;
-r:显示主机时,不使用IP地址,而使用主机的域名。
=============================
ip address IP地址
[root@Yu ~]# ip address
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:5e:b4:74 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.104/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic enp0s3
valid_lft 4235sec preferred_lft 4235sec
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe5e:b474/64 scope link tentative dadfailed
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
sudo ip addr add 192.168.0.193/24 dev wlan0 要给你的机器设置一个IP地址
请注意IP地址要有一个后缀,比如/24。这种用法用于在无类域内路由选择(CIDR)中来显示所用的子网掩码。在这个例子中,子网掩码是255.255.255.0。
sudo ip addr del 192.168.0.193/24 dev wlan0 删除wlan0的ip地址
ip route 列出路由表
[root@Yu ~]# ip route
default via 192.168.1.1 dev enp0s3 proto static metric 100
192.168.1.0/24 dev enp0s3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.104 metric 100
ip -s link 查看网络接口的统计数据
[root@Yu ~]# ip -s link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
0 0 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
0 0 0 0 0 0
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:5e:b4:74 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
107112 1327 0 0 0 44
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
116417 639 0 0 0 0
---------------------------------
[root@Yu ~]# ip -s link ls enp0s3
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:5e:b4:74 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
111798 1382 0 0 0 45
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
123743 673 0 0 0 0
地址解析协议(ARP)用于将一个IP地址转换成它对应的物理地址,也就是通常所说的MAC地址。使用ip命令的neigh或者neighbour选项,你可以查看接入你所在的局域网的设备的MAC地址。
ip neighbour 邻居表
[root@Yu ~]#ip neighbour
192.168.1.1 dev enp0s3 lladdr f4:6a:92:4b:7f:26 REACHABLE
192.168.1.103 dev enp0s3 lladdr 40:e2:30:97:9a:77 REACHABLE
你可以使用ip命令的up和down选项来激某个特定的接口,就像ifconfig的用法一样。
在这个例子中,当enp0s3接口被激活和在它被停止和再次激活之后,你可以看到相应的路由表条目。这个接口可能是wlan0或者eth0。将enp0s3更改为你可用的任意接口即可。
ip link set enp0s3 down
ip link set enp0s3 up